Mechanisms of fruit cell expansion with intact water potential measurements

完整水势测量的果实细胞扩张机制

基本信息

批准号：
17580222
负责人：
NONAMI Hiroshi
金额：
$ 2.53万
依托单位：
Ehime University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17580222/
关键词：
Water potential measurements Psychrometer Cell expansion Water status measurements Cell turgor Fruit growth

项目摘要

Water potential measurements are usually conducted with the psychrometry by using excised tissues. When tissues are growing, and then, if excision is made in the zone of elongation for sampling, it is known that wall relaxation will take place. If wall relaxation due to excision takes place in the zone of elongation, water potential measurements with the psychrometer may not be accurately conducted because wall relaxation will make the measured value of water potential shift lower. However, the psychrometry is only a method which allows to measure the water potential in intact plants. Thus, improvement of the psychrometry is helpful for measuring water potential in intact plants. In order to improve the psychrometry, the output of a psychrometer was attempted to multiply by 3 times by malting a thermopile for the sensor of the psychrometer. The thermopile was made by combining 3 thermocouple junctions. Output of one thermocouple yields 480 nV per 0.1 MPa. Although the thermopile made in the present study should yield 3 times of 480 nV per 0.1 MPa, the output of the thermopile yielded only 2.0 to 2.4 times of that of one thermocouple. This failure might be due to connection between the thermocouples by using solder. The process of soldering between the thermocouples may yield the extra noise to reduce the thermocouple output. The water status of intact tomato fruit and endosperm cells of rice plants was measured with the pressure probe and psychrometers. Cell expansion in both plants was associated with the gradient of the growth-induced water potential High night temperature reduced the water potential gradient in endosperm cells of rice, resulting in yield decrease of rice at high temperature.

通常使用切除的组织通过心理测量法进行了潜在的测量。当组织生长时，如果在伸长区域进行采样区域进行切除时，众所周知，将发生墙壁弛豫。如果由于切除而引起的壁松弛在伸长区域发生，则可能无法准确地进行水的潜在测量，因为墙壁松弛将使水势偏移的测量值降低。但是，心理测量法只是一种允许测量完整植物中水潜力的方法。因此，改进心理测量法有助于测量完整植物的水潜力。为了改善心理测量法，通过为心理计的传感器磨损热门电池，尝试将心理计的输出乘以3次。通过组合3个热电偶连接来制造热门电池。一个热电偶的输出可产生480 NV / 0.1 MPa。尽管本研究中制造的热门电脑应产生3次480 NV / 0.1 MPa，但热层的输出仅产生一个热电偶的2.0至2.4倍。这种故障可能是由于使用焊料之间的热电偶之间的连接造成的。热电偶之间的焊接过程可能会产生额外的噪声以减少热电偶输出。用压力探针和心理仪测量水稻植物的完整番茄果实和胚乳细胞的水状态。两种植物的细胞膨胀与生长诱导的水潜力高夜温的梯度有关，降低了水稻胚乳细胞中水的潜在梯度，从而导致水稻在高温下的产量降低。