NON-DESTRUCTIVE CELLULAR MEASUREMENTS AND ANALYSIS OF NITROGEN METABOLISMS FOR HIGHER PLANTS SUBJECTED TO ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSES

遭受环境胁迫的高等植物氮代谢的非破坏性细胞测量和分析

基本信息

批准号：
05404009
负责人：
NONAMI Hiroshi
金额：
$ 21.95万
依托单位：
EHIME UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

When plants are subjected to environmental stresses, it is known that nitrogen metabolisms are modified in plants. However, detailed mechanisms for modification in nitrogen metabolisms are not known in plants subjected to environmental stresses, and thus physiological mechanisms for stress adaptation were studied in the present study by using non-destructive measurements in the cellular level.When the water status of single cells in the growing soybean seedings was measured, it was found that a water potential field associated with cell growth existed in the zone of elongation. When growth was disturbed either by applying environmental stresses or excision, the water potential field associated with cell growth was collapsed, and thus, it became apparent that non-destructive cellular measurements should be used to study stress response under environmental stresses in intact plants.In order to check the nitrogen metabolism related to differentiation, tissue culture of carrot cells was us … More ed. When the concentration of ammonium ions was kept relatively high in the tissue culture medium, non-embryogenic callus was induced. When the concentration of nitrate was increased and that of ammonium ions was decreased, embryogenic callus was differentiated. When differences in protein synthesis between non-embryogenic callus and embryogenic callus were analyzed, streptavidin-binding proteins were found in embryogenic callus and not found in non-embryogenic callus. When embryogenesis in carrot cells proceeded, quantitative differences in cytoskeleton proteins, i.e., actin, a-and b-tubulins were observed. When blossom-end rot occurs in tomato fruits, it is known that cell wall components and cytoskeleton components are degraded in cells od fruits.Immediately after blossom-end rot appeared in tomato fruits, cytoskeleton components were analyzed. Streptavidin-binding proteins began to disappear before cytoskeleton components disintegrated in fruits. From these findings, newly found streptavidin-binding proteins seem to be related to formation and maintenance of cytoskeleton components in cells under environmental stresses. Less

当植物承受环境应力时，众所周知，氮代谢会在植物中改变。然而，在经受环境应力的植物中，尚不清楚用于修饰氮代谢的详细机制，因此在本研究中通过使用细胞水平的非破坏性测量进行了应力适应的物理机制。当生长的大豆种子种子的生长与水的生长相关联时，在生长的大豆种子中，单个细胞的水状态与水的生长相关。当生长通过应用环境应力或满意度打扰生长时，与细胞生长相关的水潜能场崩溃了，因此，显然应使用无损的细胞测量来研究完整植物中环境压力下的压力反应。为了检查与氮的代谢相关的氮代谢与差异化的氮化物培养，我们的组织培养物的组织培养是更多的。当在组织培养基中保持铵离子的浓度相对较高时，诱导了非胚胎愈伤组织。当硝酸盐的浓度增加并降低铵离子的浓度时，胚胎愈伤组织会分化。当分析非胚胎愈伤组织和胚胎愈伤组织之间的蛋白质合成差异时，在胚胎愈伤组织中发现了链霉亲和素结合蛋白，在非胚胎愈伤组织中找不到。当在胡萝卜细胞中进行胚胎发生时，观察到细胞骨架蛋白的定量差异，即肌动蛋白，A和B-微管蛋白。当血液末端腐烂发生在番茄水果中时，众所周知，细胞壁成分和细胞骨架成分在细胞OD水果中降解。链霉亲和素结合蛋白在细胞骨架成分中分解成果实之前开始消失。从这些发现中，新发现的链霉亲和素结合蛋白似乎与环境应力下细胞中细胞骨架成分的形成和维持有关。较少的