A Study on the Pitch Accent of Early Modern Kyoto Japanese Based on the Musical Scores of Heike Mabushi

基于马伏史平家乐谱的近代京都日语音调研究

基本信息

批准号：
17520308
负责人：
UENO Kazuaki
金额：
$ 1.4万
依托单位：
Waseda University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17520308/
关键词：
Pitch accent of Sino-Japanese words Pitch accent of compound words Heikyoku musical scores Ancient documents on Heikyoku Default accent pattern Change of pitch accent History of pitch accent History of Japanese Language アクセントの複合法則曲節平

项目摘要

The present study tries to reconstruct the pitch accent system of the Kyoto Japanese of the middle Early-Modern Era, based on examination of the two types of melodies-Kudoki and Shirakoe-in Heike Mabushi . One of the main findings is that Sino-Japanese words and the compound nouns made of native Japanese morphemes retain traditional characteristics in their word accent. The accentuation of Sino-Japanese words can be explained in relation to the tone of the original Chinese morpheme, especially in the case of Go'on word forms. Compound nouns with native morphemes, on the other hand, tend to show the accent patterns of the Heian or Kamakura Eras, or their regular derived patterns.One should be cautious in thinking that these features are the reflex of the actual state of the accent system of Kyoto Japanese in the middle Early-Modern Era ; the observed patterns may be due to the conservativeness of the Heikyoku epic musical scores. However, it is still worth noting that the following tendencies are recognized in Heike Mabushi .(i) 2-mora Sino-Japanese words written as a single Chinese character are observed to have accent patterns reflecting the tone of the original Chinese morpheme, or their regular derived patterns.(ii) 3-mora Sino-Japanese words written as two Chinese characters are observed to have a HLL pattern if they have{1+2} morphological structure, while the words with {2+1} structure have a LHL pattern in which the first component bears Qu-tone, in addition to the default HLL pattern.(iii) As for 4-mora Sino-Japanese words with{2+2} morphological structure, Go'on word forms bear accentuations that reflect the tone of the original Chinese morpheme faithfully.(iv) Most of the compounds with native morphemes and {2+2} or{2+3/3+3} morphological structures retain the accent patterns observed in the Heian and Kamakura Eras, or their regular derived patterns.

本研究试图在对《Heike Mabushi》中的两种旋律（Kudoki 和 Shirakoe）的考察的基础上，重建早期近代中期京都日语的音调系统。主要发现之一是汉日词和由日语本土语素构成的复合名词在词重音方面保留了传统特征。汉日词的重音可以用原始汉语语素的声调来解释，特别是在 Go'on 词形式的情况下。另一方面，具有原生语素的复合名词往往表现出平安时代或镰仓时代的重音模式，或其规则的派生模式。人们应该谨慎地认为这些特征是重音系统实际状态的反映近代中期京都日本人的生活；观察到的模式可能是由于平曲史诗乐谱的保守性。然而，仍然值得注意的是，《Heike Mabushi》中发现了以下倾向。(i) 观察到以单个汉字书写的二音中日词具有反映原始汉语语素的声调的重音模式，或者它们的声调。 (ii) 写成两个汉字的 3-mora 汉日单词如果具有 {1+2} 形态结构，则观察到具有 HLL 模式，而具有 {2+1} 结构的单词具有 LHL (iii) 对于具有{2+2}形态结构的 4 节汉日词，Go'on 词形带有重音，反映了(iv) 大部分带有原生语素和{2+2}或{2+3/3+3}形态结构的复合词保留了平安语和镰仓语中观察到的重音模式时代，或者它们的常规派生模式。