Cell-wall structure and chemical components in the root endodermis and exodermis of cereal roots as an environmental response and their functional meanings.

谷类根内皮层和外皮层的细胞壁结构和化学成分作为环境反应及其功能意义。

• 批准号: 17380010
• 负责人: ABE Jun
• 金额: $ 10.34万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2005 至 2007
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17380010/
• 关键词: Plant; Cells and tissues; Stress

Anatomical response of roots to drought, water-logging and salinity in the root of cereal crops was investigated. Rice roots exhibited cell wall thickening of root endodermis in drought, in particular in drought-tolerant upland rice varieties. Besides, the drought-tolerant upland rice varieties had higher content of silicon in the thickened cell walls than the lowland rice variety. On the other hand, the thickening of endodermal cell wall was limited in all the rice varieties under flooded conditions. In wheat, an upland crop, the cell wall of root endodermis showed similar or rather larger thickness under flooded condition than in aerobic condition. Moreover, presence of ammonium as the nitrogen source in the growth medium enhanced the cell wall thickening and lignification of endodermal cell wall under flooded condition in wheat and maize. Those enhancement of thickening and lignification of endodermal cell wall in upland cereal crops may contribute to decline the infiltration of harmful components in reduced soil into the central tissues of roots. Salinity stress decreased the distance of the position of Casparian band formation from the root apex in rice seminal roots. To clarify if the onset of Casparian band formation is really accelerated by the stress, a new experimental system to grow rice seedlings with treating only one side of the seminal root with high osmotic pressure caused by mannitol was developed. A cross section of the seminal roots grown with this method had treated side and control side with the same age. The observation of the cross sections suggested that the Casparian band formation was not hastened but the thickening of the suberin lamellae was accelerated by the higher osmotic pressure.

研究了谷类作物根部对干旱、涝渍和盐分的解剖响应。水稻根在干旱时表现出根内皮层细胞壁增厚，特别是在耐旱旱稻品种中。此外，耐旱旱稻品种细胞壁增厚的硅含量高于低地稻品种。另一方面，在淹水条件下，所有水稻品种的内胚层细胞壁增厚都受到限制。在旱地作物小麦中，根内皮细胞壁的厚度在淹水条件下与有氧条件下相似或更大。此外，生长培养基中存在的铵作为氮源增强了小麦和玉米在淹水条件下的细胞壁增厚和内胚层细胞壁的木质化。旱地谷类作物内胚层细胞壁增厚和木质化的增强可能有助于减少还原土壤中有害成分向根部中央组织的渗透。盐胁迫使水稻种子根凯氏带形成位置距根尖的距离减小。为了澄清凯氏带形成的开始是否真的因胁迫而加速，开发了一种新的实验系统来培育水稻幼苗，仅用甘露醇引起的高渗透压处理种子根的一侧。用这种方法生长的种子根的横截面具有相同年龄的处理侧和对照侧。横截面观察表明，较高的渗透压并未加速凯氏带的形成，而是加速了木栓质片层的增厚。

项目成果

The use of berberin and fluorol yellow for confocal laser scanning microscopy of plant roots

小檗碱和氟酚黄在植物根部共聚焦激光扫描显微镜中的应用

• 发表时间: 2006
• 作者: Abe J.;Lux A.;Karahara I.;Yamakage A.
• 通讯作者: Yamakage A.

Cell wall modification in crop roots induced by drought and anaerobic soil conditions

干旱和厌氧土壤条件引起的作物根部细胞壁修饰

• 发表时间: 2008
• 作者: Murayama Y;Oyama T;*Kondo T;Abe J.
• 通讯作者: Abe J.

Anatomical response of rice seminal root to environment-A method to treat a side of the root with mannitol

水稻种子根对环境的解剖响应——甘露醇处理根侧的方法

• 发表时间: 2007
• 作者: Akai Y.;Karahara I.;Abe J.
• 通讯作者: Abe J.

イネ種子根における内部組織の発達の環境応答-根の片側をマンニトール処理する実験系-

水稻种子根部内部组织发育的环境响应 - 用甘露醇处理根部一侧的实验系统 -

• 发表时间: 2007
• 作者: Ito H;Kageyama H;Mutsuda M;Nakajima M;*Oyama T;*Kondo T(*共同責任著者);赤井由紀・唐原一郎・阿部淳
• 通讯作者: 赤井由紀・唐原一郎・阿部淳

The use of belberin and fluorol yellow for confocal laser scanning microscopy of plant roots

黄连素和氟酚黄在植物根部共聚焦激光扫描显微镜中的应用

• 发表时间: 2006
• 作者: Abe J.;Lux A.;Karahara I.;Yamakage A.
• 通讯作者: Yamakage A.