Evaluation of big scale agriculture in grassland ecosystems in Eurasian Continent

欧亚大陆草原生态系统规模化农业评价

• 批准号: 15405042
• 负责人: NAKAMURA Toru
• 金额: $ 8.9万
• 依托单位: University of Tsukuba
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2003 至 2006
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15405042/
• 关键词: Eurasian steppe; vegetation; flora; soil; biomass; Altay Mountains; Tenshan Mountains; ユーラシア; ステップ; 大規模農業; 内蒙古; 放牧; 人為圧; 砂漠化; バイオマス; 放牧強度; 土壌環境; 気象条件; モンゴル; カザフ共和国; 植物組成表; ウクライナ; 大規模農耕地

From 2003 to 2006, we conducted ecological survey of the Eurasian steppe in four countries, Ukraine, Kaza-khstan, Mongolia and China (Inner Mongolia). Our survey was made up by 1) flora survey, 2) vegetation survey, 3) biomass survey and 4) soil profile survey.We could gain, as a result, some new knowledge as follows;1) The floras between eastern part and western part of Eurasian steppe differed much at the border of Kazakhstan and Mongolia. There are Altay Mountains and Tenshan Mountains there. Plants can't exceed high mountains, freely.2) The floras between eastern part of Eurasian steppe and Japan quite differ each other in grassland, but are similar in wetland.3) Plant communities based on species composition also differed between eastern and western part of Eurasian steppe at the border of Kazakhstan and Mongolia.4) We could estimate a sere of succession after abandon plowing. It became clear that the biodiversity grew maximum at about ten years after abandon plowing and that 450-1000g/ha of carbon accumulated in Mongolian grassland, as a result of quadrat method of survey.5) Soils of eastern and western part of Eurasian steppe are also different. Eastern soil is Kastanozem, while western one is Chernozem.6) Main human impact in eastern steppe is grazing, while that of western steppe is plowing.and7) Consequently, many properties are different between eastern half of Eurasian steppe and western one.

从2003年到2006年，我们对四个国家，乌克兰，卡萨 - 卡斯坦，蒙古和中国（Inner Mongolia）进行了欧亚草原的生态调查。我们的调查是由1）植物群调查组成的，2）植被调查，3）生物量调查和4）土壤概况调查。结果，我们可以获得一些新知识，如下所示； 1）欧亚草原的东部和西部地区之间的植物群在哈萨克斯坦和蒙古的边界上有很大的不同。那里有Altay山和Tenshan山。植物不能自由地超过高山。2）欧亚草原东部和日本东部之间的植物群在草原上彼此之间差异很大，但在湿地中相似。3）基于物种组成的植物社区在东部和西部地区的植物社区在哈萨克斯坦和蒙古边界的欧亚草原之间也有所不同。很明显，生物多样性在放弃耕作后大约十年，并且由于调查方法的四边形方法，在蒙古草地中积累了450-1000克/公顷的碳。东部的土壤是卡斯塔努克姆（Kastanozem），而西部是切尔诺泽（Chernozem）。6）人类对东部草原的主要影响是放牧的，而西部草原的耕作是耕作的。

项目成果

Phytosociological stude on steppe vegetation in the vicinity of Kharkiv, Ukraine

乌克兰哈尔科夫周边草原植被的植物社会学研究

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: Grassland Science 52
• 作者: Y.Cheng;T.Nakamura
• 通讯作者: T.Nakamura

中村 徹: "巻頭言「沙漠化VS生物多様性」"沙漠研究. 13. 152 (2003)

中村彻：“前言：‘荒漠化与生物多样性’”沙漠研究。13. 152 (2003)

Grazing Effects on Floristic Composition and Above Ground Plant Biomass of the Grasslands in the Northeastern Mongolian Steppes

• DOI: 10.5141/jefb.2008.31.2.115
• 发表时间: 2008-05
• 期刊: Journal of Ecology and Environment
• 作者: I. Hayashi;K. Kawada;M. Kurosu;Amgaa Batjargal;Tsagaanbandi Tsundeekhuu;Toru M. Nakamura

Phytosociological study of steppe vegetation in east Kazakhstan

• DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-697x.2007.00090.x
• 发表时间: 2007-09-01
• 期刊: Grassland Science
• 影响因子: 1.3
• 作者: Cheng, Yunxiang;Nakamura, Toru
• 通讯作者: Nakamura, Toru

Floristic composition and plant biomass of the grasslands in the vicinity of Pavlodar, Kazakhstan

哈萨克斯坦巴甫洛达尔周边草原植物区系组成及植物生物量

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: Grassland Science 52
• 作者: Hayashi;I.;Kawada;K.;Akimova;A.;Nakamura;T.
• 通讯作者: T.