Researches into the Origin of the Mounted Nomads in the Eastern Eurasian Steppes

欧亚东部草原骑马游牧民族的起源研究

基本信息

批准号：
15401025
负责人：
TAKAHAMA Shu
金额：
$ 8.26万
依托单位：
Kanazawa University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15401025/
关键词：
Archaeology East Asian history Mounted nomads Mongolia Bronze Age Stag stone Khereksur Slab grave 青銅器青銅器文化

项目摘要

We excavated Khereksurs Nos.1 and 12 at Ulaan Uushig I (Uushigiin uvor) site, which is situated in the northern part of mid-Western Mongolia. Stone coffin was found in the stone mound of each khereksur at the ground level and bones of a child were excavated from the coffin of Khereksur No.12. It became evident that the khereksurs were constructed as tombs although we need some explanation why some khereksurs do not contain human bones. The condition of the accumulated stones made us believe that the khereksurs were formed by attaching stones around the coffin in the center. At the edge of the stone mound of Khereksur No.1 was found a stag stone of the simple type, different from those in the southern part of the site.In the stone heaps arranged mainly to the east of the stone mound of Khereksur No.1,we found horse head bones together with neck bones, the muzzles being oriented to the east. The same combination of the bones has been found from the stone circles around the stag stones of … More the southern part of the site. Newly found such examples made us more confident that those khereksurs and stag stones were made by the same people in the same period. By the observation of the cross-section of the stone heaps the stone heaps were surmised to be constructed as below.1.place the horse head on the ground or in the shallow hollow in the ground 2.put small stones over the horse head 3.stand large stones in a circle on the small stones 4.stack stones within the circleThis construction process resembles to the process of the stone circles.The antennae-like protrusion to the east of the stone mound of Khereksur No.1 was proved to be on the same level as the stone mound, being attached to it after its construction, although it is not yet clear if they belonged to the same period. At the center of the antennae-like protrusion was found a stone heap of the Old Turkic period, from which were unearthed a pot, a potsherd, iron plates and a bead.We excavated a slab grave to find a human skeleton of a man of early fifties of age, with antler bow attachments. Less

我们在位于蒙古中西部北部的乌什吉因乌沃尔遗址发掘了1号和12号克列克苏尔，在每个克列克苏尔的地面石堆中都发现了石棺和一具骨头。孩子是从 Khreksur No.12 的棺材中挖掘出来的。很明显，Khereksur 是作为坟墓建造的，尽管我们需要一些解释。为什么有些克雷克苏尔不包含人骨。堆积的石头的状况使我们相信克雷克苏尔是通过在中心的棺材周围贴上石头而形成的。在克雷克苏尔一号石堆的边缘发现了一块鹿石。类型简单，与遗址南部不同。在克列苏尔一号石堆以东侧为主的石堆中，我们发现了马头骨和颈骨，在该遗址南部的雄鹿石周围的石圈中也发现了同样的骨头组合，这些新发现的例子让我们更有信心那些 khereksurs 和雄鹿石是。由同一时期的同一人制作，通过观察石堆的横截面，推测石堆的构造如下： 1.将马头放置在地面上或浅坑中。地面 2.将小石块放在马头上 3.将大石块放在小石块上围成一圈 4.将石块堆放在圆圈内这个施工过程类似于石圈的过程。 Khreksur No.1的石丘被证明与石丘处于同一水平，在建造后附着在石丘上，尽管尚不清楚它们是否属于同一时期的触角状中心。突出发现了一个古突厥时期的石堆，其中出土了一个罐子、一个陶片、一个铁板和一个珠子。我们挖掘了一个板墓，发现了一具五十岁出头的人类骨架，上面有鹿角弓。。较少的