Analysis of the Redox Regulation System and its Application of Molecular breeding in Higher Plants

高等植物氧化还原调控系统分析及其在分子育种中的应用

基本信息

批准号：
15380078
负责人：
SHIGEOKA Shigeru
金额：
$ 8.83万
依托单位：
Kinki University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1)The influence of H_2O_2 accumulation and redox status of the photosynthetic electron transport on the expression of cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase (cAPX).Transgenic tobacco plants expressing catalase and thylakoid-membrane bound APX in chloroplasts, both of which had increased tolerance to photooxidative stress, were utilized for evaluation of the relationship between H_2O_2 accumulation or change of redox status of the PET and cAPX induction under photooxidative stress condition. These results suggest that the induction of cAPX expression is caused by a redox change in the PET, probable PQ pool at an early stage and-thereafter by an increase in the cellular H_2O_2 level.Next, to clarify the mechanism of the decline in oxidative stress tolerance of leaves during the course of senescence, we studied the differences in the levels of various antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes in leaves of different ages.The data suggest that the decline in the levels of antioxidants and antioxidant en … More zymes associated with leaf senescence lead to lower photooxidative-stress tolerance, which might in turn accelerate the propagation of senescence.2)The effect of AOS, signal molecules on the regulation of many physiological processes, including environmental stress responses.We investigated the effect of lowered cAPX activity in transgenic tobacco BY-2 cells, using two transformed BY-2 cell lines, cAPX-S2 and cAPX-S3. Interestingly, the APX-suppressed cells showed different responses and tolerances to environmental stresses, such as heat and salinity. Suppression subtractive hybridization revealed that several heat and salt-stress inducible genes were upregulated in cAPX-S3 cells. HSP70, DnaJ-like protein and purple acid phosphatase were among the constitutively induced genes.3)Molecular breeding of transgenic plants introducing the genes involved in the redox regulation.To identify the genes involved in the the redox regulation in higher plants, we are trying to generate transgenic plants expressing a redox regulatory factor. Less

1)H_2O_2积累和光合电子传递的氧化还原状态对胞质抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(cAPX)表达的影响。在叶绿体中表达过氧化氢酶和类囊体膜结合APX的转基因烟草植物对光氧化胁迫的耐受性增强，用于评估 H_2O_2 积累或 PET 氧化还原状态变化与 cAPX 诱导之间的关系这些结果表明，cAPX 表达的诱导是由 PET 中的氧化还原变化引起的，可能是早期的 PQ 池，随后是细胞 H_2O_2 水平的增加。接下来，阐明其机制。针对衰老过程中叶片抗氧化应激能力下降的问题，我们研究了不同龄期叶片中各种抗氧化剂和抗氧化酶水平的差异。与叶子衰老相关的抗氧化剂和酶导致光氧化应激耐受性降低，这可能反过来加速衰老的传播。2）AOS、信号分子对许多生理过程（包括环境应激反应）调节的影响。我们使用两种转化的 BY-2 细胞系 cAPX-S2 和 cAPX-S3，研究了转基因烟草 BY-2 细胞中 cAPX 活性降低的影响。抑制消减杂交显示，cAPX-S3 细胞中几个热和盐胁迫诱导基因上调，其中 DnaJ 样蛋白和紫色酸性磷酸酶属于组成型诱导基因。 3）引入参与氧化还原调控基因的转基因植物的分子育种。为了鉴定高等植物中参与氧化还原调控的基因，我们正在尝试产生表达氧化还原调节因子的转基因植物。