Study of olfactory-compatible smell sensor prototype by using odorant receptors

使用气味受体研究嗅觉兼容的气味传感器原型

基本信息

批准号：
15360444
负责人：
SATO Takaaki
金额：
$ 9.66万
依托单位：
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The olfactory system can discriminate between chiral odorants by differences in nano-scale molecular structures in a few seconds, whereas instrumental analyses hardly identify or separate one of each pair from another. Similarily, artificial odor sensors have not realized olfactory-compatible performance in odor discrimination. In this study, we have attempted to develop a prototype of olfactory compatible artificial nose by developing its key technology including odorant-receptor-expressed elemental sensors and algorithm of odor information processing. The results are summarized as follows : 1. A few of odorant receptors were functionally expressed in HEK293 cells by coexpressing two chaperones of RTP1 and RTP2 (Saito, H., et al., Cell, 119 : 679-691 (2004)), showing response reproducibility and original odor responsiveness of olfactory receptor neurons expressing its receptors. This elemental sensor would innovate artificial nose technology by conserving excellent performance of odorant receptors in odor discrimination. For recruitment of many other odorant receptors into a new artificial nose, it is necessary to find another chaperone to help the other receptors be expressed in cultured cells. 2. Difference and identity of receptor codes between a floral chiral odorant pair has been partially revealed. 3. Electrophysiological data obtained in the olfactory cortex of guinea-pig isolated whole brain with nose attached have supported our hypothesis of algorithm of receptor-sensitivity-dependent hierarchical odor information coding. We have continued to collect receptor code data for typical odorants and to construct array of elemental odor sensors expressing odorant receptors. At present, this approach forwarded to develop innovative artificial nose as olfactory-compatible sensors.

嗅觉系统可以在几秒钟内通过纳米级分子结构的差异来区分手性气味，而工具分析几乎不能识别或将每对中的一个与另一对分开。相似地，人造气味传感器在气味歧视中尚未实现嗅觉兼容的性能。在这项研究中，我们试图通过开发其关键技术（包括气味受体表达的元素传感器和气味信息处理算法）来开发嗅觉兼容人造鼻子的原型。结果总结如下：1。通过表达RTP1和RTP2的两个伴侣（Saito，H。等，Cell。，Cell，119：679-691（2004）），在HEK293细胞中功能表达了一些气味受体，显示响应重复性响应性和原始的Olfartory Neueror neurors Neuron的响应能力。该元素传感器将通过在气味歧视中保存气味受体的出色性能来创新人造鼻子技术。为了将许多其他气味受体募集到新的人造鼻子中，有必要在培养的细胞中找到另一种伴侣来帮助其他受体表达。 2。花手性气味对之间受体代码的差异和身份已部分揭示。 3。在豚鼠的嗅觉皮层中获得的电生理数据隔离整个大脑，并附着在鼻子附着的整个大脑中，已经支持了我们对受体敏感性依赖性层次异味信息编码算法的假设。我们继续收集典型气味剂的受体代码数据，并构建表达气味受体的一系列元素气味传感器。目前，这种方法转发为发展创新的人工鼻子作为嗅觉兼容传感器。