A Study on the Changes of Subcontracting System and Work System under the Effect of the Information Technology in the Manufacturing Industry

信息技术影响下制造业分包制和工作制的变迁研究

基本信息

批准号：
14530060
负责人：
TOMITA Yoshinori
金额：
$ 0.96万
依托单位：
Saga University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

We can observe the changes of employment structure by distinguishing the changes within the firm and the changes among the firms. The changes within the firm were caused by the change of characteristics workers skills resulted from technological changes (information technologies). The changes among firms can be observed by analyzing, especially, the changes of subcontracting system. In this report we especially attended the automobile industry. In that industry the proportion of production worker within the firm has fallen greatly. As for the subcontracting system, big assembly plants changed the form of ordering automobile parts from subcontractor (supplier). Assembly plants transformed the buying pattern. Those plants nominated one company as the organizer. To be more concrete, by stopping the pattern of directly ordering or buying from supplier, assembly plant became ordering and buying through the organizer (company). The result was that the organizer could keep the position of the … More primary supplier, other companies deteriorated the position into the secondary or third supplier. That changes of subcontracting system involved changing employment structure within the firm. At the primary supplier, on the one hand, the proportion of production worker got smaller, on the other hand, that of engineer got larger. Also, the changes of subcontracting system affected the local employment structure. At secondary or third supplier, the proportion of production worker got larger. In addition, at that class supplier, the amount of automobile parts ordered by assembly plant has been decreasing gradually. Tendency above mentioned had significant impact on the local labor market. Surely that tendency influenced the employment structure in two areas we analyzed, namely the proportion of production worker reduced a little. But the number of workers, who are employed by manufacturing industries, has not so decreased in the cities have a long history of that industry. In order to plan the local employment policy, it is vital to take account of the industrial characteristics of each district. Less

我们可以通过区分企业内部的变化和企业之间的变化来观察就业结构的变化。企业内部的变化是由技术变革（信息技术）引起的工人技能特征的变化引起的。尤其是分包制的变化，我们在报告中特别关注了汽车行业，在这个行业中，分包制的企业内部生产工人的比例已经大幅下降。从分包商订购汽车零部件组装厂改变了采购模式，具体来说，就是停止了直接向供应商订购或购买的模式，改为通过主办方（公司）订购和购买。其结果是，组织者可以保留一级供应商的地位，而其他公司则将其地位退化为二级或三级供应商。分包制度的改变一方面涉及到公司内部的用工结构的变化。，所占比例另一方面，生产工人的比例减少，工程师的比例增加。而且，分包制度的变化影响了当地的就业结构，在二级或三级供应商中，生产工人的比例有所增加。组装厂的汽车零部件订购量逐渐减少，这种趋势对当地劳动力市场影响很大，我们分析的两个领域的就业结构都受到了影响，即生产工人的比例略有下降。但制造业雇用的工人数量产业历史悠久的城市并没有如此减少。为了规划当地的就业政策，必须考虑到每个地区的产业特点。