A study of domestic crama of the Renaissance as the origin of the English novel

作为英国小说起源的文艺复兴时期的家庭戏剧研究

基本信息

批准号：
14510500
负责人：
HARA Eiichi
金额：
$ 1.79万
依托单位：
Tohoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The English novel as produced by Daniel Defoe and Samuel Richardson in the first half of the eighteenth century has been considered to have its origin in the prose romances and criminal biographies of the late seventeenth century. Its actual beginning, however, can be traced far back into the English Renaissance when modern commercial capitalism begins to emerge. During this period human beings, uprooted from the soil, are transformed into modern citizens living inside a walled city. This transformation is most typically observable in the influx of rural population into London and the subsequent expansion and development of the urban communities and their systems. Repression of desires and conformity to civic rules are the fundamental requirements for the modern citizen. In order to succeed in the modern world, it is imperative to conform to the increasingly rigid rules of conduct and citizenship. However, the repressed energies, as they are indispensably human qualities, sometimes have its inevitable eruptions causing clashes with civilization. The crimes represented in the Domestic plays of the Renaissance are expressions of this clash between the often dehumanizing system of modern society and the primordial passions deeply rooted in the human psyche. This study takes up as its subject some of the representative examples of the Renaissance domestic plays such as Patient Grissil, Arden of Faversham, and Two Lamentable Tragedies and tries to show how the fundamental cultural framework and themes of the English novel has already been present in these plays produced a century ago. By probing into the conflicts depicted in them, the deepest concern of the English novel as a genre can be described as a cultural expression of primary dilemma of the modern man.

丹尼尔·笛福和塞缪尔·理查森在十八世纪上半叶创作的英国小说被认为起源于十七世纪末的散文浪漫主义和犯罪传记。然而，它的实际起源可以追溯到英国文艺复兴时期，当时现代商业资本主义开始出现。在此期间，人类从土壤中连根拔起，转变为生活在城墙内的现代公民。这种转变最典型地体现在农村人口涌入伦敦以及随后城市社区及其系统的扩张和发展。抑制欲望、遵守公民规则是现代公民的基本要求。为了在现代世界取得成功，必须遵守日益严格的行为和公民规则。然而，被压抑的能量，由于它们是人类不可或缺的品质，有时不可避免地会爆发，导致与文明的冲突。文艺复兴时期的家庭戏剧中所表现的犯罪行为是现代社会经常非人化的制度与深深植根于人类心灵的原始激情之间的冲突的表现。本研究以文艺复兴时期国内戏剧的一些代表性例子为主题，如《耐心的格里希尔》、《法弗沙姆的雅顿》和《两件可悲的悲剧》，试图展示英国小说的基本文化框架和主题是如何在这些戏剧是一个世纪前创作的。通过探究其中所描绘的冲突，英国小说作为一种体裁的最深切的关注可以被描述为对现代人的原始困境的文化表达。