Women's Cultural Function in the Rise of the English Novel

英国小说兴起中的女性文化功能

基本信息

批准号：
11610476
负责人：
HARA Eiichi
金额：
$ 1.86万
依托单位：
Tohoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11610476/
关键词：
Restoration she-tragedies rise of the novel drama Aphra Behn Western civil society Defoe Richardson ジャンルの転換犯罪センチメンタリズム

项目摘要

This is a reconsideration of the origin of the English novel in terms of the image of women and the cultural function of women writers and actresses of the Restoration and eighteenth century England. It has been made clear that the image of women and actual women (authors and actresses) represent the social and cultural trend towards the creation of the novel form. The study has been mainly concerned with one representative woman writer of the Restoration, Aphra Behn, for several reasons. First, the fact that Behn was the first professional woman writer in the history of English Literature is closely connected to the generic cultural transformation. The foundations of the novel may be found in the struggle of Behn to establish and protect her identity in the unashamedly egotistical male culture of the time. Secondly, Behn's career as a writer seems to represent the shift of the dominant literary form from the drama to the novel. In her late years she wrote several prose romances including her famous novella Oroonoko. It is true that she was forced to venture into the field of lucrative romance writing by the union of the two licensed theatres in 1682. The merger of the theatres was a crushing blow to professional playwrights such as Behn who depended on the income from the playhouses. However, this shift brought about a substantial transformation of Behn's way of writing. She has found a better medium for the expression of the predicaments of women in the male-centered culture of the time. Especially, in her last romance, Oroonoko, we can witness the shifting cultural dynamism in the transition of the romance narrative in the first part to the realism of the second part. This is a definitive proof of women's cultural function that brought about the birth of the novel in the eighteenth century.

这是从复辟时期和十八世纪英国的女性形象和女性作家和女演员的文化功能角度对英国小说起源的重新思考。已经明确的是，女性形象和现实女性（作家和女演员）代表了小说形式创作的社会和文化趋势。这项研究主要关注复辟时期的一位代表性女作家阿芙拉·贝恩，原因有几个。首先，贝恩是英国文学史上第一位职业女作家，这一事实与一般文化转型密切相关。小说的基础可以在贝恩在当时毫不羞耻的自私的男性文化中建立和保护自己的身份的斗争中找到。其次，贝恩的作家生涯似乎代表了主导文学形式从戏剧到小说的转变。在她晚年，她写了几部散文浪漫史，包括她著名的中篇小说《Oroonoko》。确实，1682年，两家有执照的剧院合并，迫使她冒险进入利润丰厚的言情小说创作领域。剧院的合并对像贝恩这样依赖剧院收入的职业剧作家来说是毁灭性的打击。。然而，这一转变给贝恩的写作方式带来了实质性的转变。她找到了更好的媒介来表达当时以男性为中心的文化中女性的困境。尤其是在她的最后一部爱情小说《Oroonoko》中，我们可以见证第一部分的浪漫叙事向第二部分的现实主义转变的文化活力的转变。这是十八世纪小说诞生的女性文化功能的明确证明。