Physiological mechanism of invasion success of trees in the Bonin islands in Japan

日本小笠原群岛树木入侵成功的生理机制

• 批准号: 14360091
• 负责人: ISHIDA Atsushi
• 金额: $ 8.96万
• 依托单位: Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2002 至 2005
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14360091/
• 关键词: Invasion trees; Bishofia javanica; Photoinhibition; Photosynthesis; Acclimation; Bonin islands; Wood density; LMA; キバンジロウ; 光; 水; 乾燥; 栄養塩; 葉寿命; ウラジロエノキ; 耐乾性; キャビテーション; パノレス; 安定同位体; 浸透調節; アコウザンショウ; 回転率; 光変動環境; 乾燥実験; 呼吸; 変動環境; 葉の構造

The flora of Bonin islands in Japan has a high degree of endemism (70% among tree species), especially in the ridge sites with shallow soils. The dwarf evergreen forests characterized by the co-existence of a magnitude of tree species are generally found at the ridge sites. The interspecific variability of sunlit leaf characteristics was investigated among the dwarf evergreens. LMA (dry mass per unit leaf area) was positively correlated to leaf lifespan, wood (stem) density, nitrogen per unit leaf mass, lamina thickness, δC, and negatively correlated to leaf osmotic potentials and water contents at full turgor, leaf-mass based photosynthetic rates (P_n), leaf area-based P_n, and leaf nitrogen-based P_n. The values of δC were positively correlated to LAM, wood (stem) density, and leaf thickness. Nitrogen re-absorption rates at leaf shedding were 50% in the average, and were not correlated to any leaf characteristics.Bishofia javanica is an alien tree species that has successfully invaded to the Bonin islands. Because the invasion of the species was frequently found following canopy-gap formation in the islands, we hypothesized that B.javanica has greater acclimation capacity than native tree species to fluctuations in understory light. Following the shade-to-sun and sun-to-shade transfers, pioneer tree species had high new-leaf production rates but low acclimation capacity of old leaves, whereas late-successional tree species had low new-leaf production rates but high acclimation capacity of old leaves. In contrast, B.javanica had high new-leaf production rates, high acclimation capacity of old leaves, and the highest growth rates among the tree species. B.javanica seedlings had relatively high survival rates under shaded understory in the Bonin islands. We conclude that high stress-tolerance under resource conditions and high resource-use under fluctuating environment conditions are a physiological key factor of invasion success.

日本波宁群岛的植物群具有高度的特有（树种中的70％），尤其是在有浅土壤的山脊地点。通常在山脊遗址发现了以树种的共存为特征的矮人常绿森林。在矮人的常绿植物中研究了阳光叶特征的种间变异性。 LMA（每单位叶面积干燥质量）与叶子寿命，木材密度，每单位叶片质量，层层质量，层厚度，ΔC，以及与叶片的渗透势和水的含量负相关，在全毛，叶片基于叶子的光合作用率（P_N），基于叶子的p_n和基于叶子的p_n和基于叶子基于叶子的p_n。 ΔC的值与LAM，木材（茎）密度和叶片厚度正相关。叶片脱落的氮再吸收率在平均水平为50％，与任何叶片特征无关。由于在岛上的树冠间隙形成之后经常发现该物种的入侵，因此我们假设B. javanica的适应能力比本地树种具有更大的适应能力，可以在理解光线下波动。在阴影到阳光和阳光转移之后，先锋树种具有很高的新叶子生产率，但旧叶子的适应能力较低，而后期成功的树种的新叶产量较低，但旧叶子的适应能力很高。相比之下，贾瓦尼卡的新叶生产率很高，旧叶子的适应能力很高，并且在树种中的增长率最高。 B.Javanica幼苗在Bonin群岛的阴影理解下的存活率相对较高。我们包括在资源条件下高应力耐受性和在波动环境条件下的高度资源使用是入侵成功的物理关键因素。

项目成果

アカギ -特集 小笠原の森林の生物多様性保全-

赤城 - 特辑：小笠原森林生物多样性的保护 -

• 发表时间: 2002
• 期刊: 森林科学 34.1
• 作者: Abe T.;Yamashita N.;Tanaka N.;Kushima H.;山下直子
• 通讯作者: 山下直子

Seasonal variations in water relations in current-year leaves of evergreen trees with delayed greening

• DOI: 10.1093/treephys/26.8.1025
• 发表时间: 2006-08-01
• 期刊: TREE PHYSIOLOGY
• 影响因子: 4
• 作者: Harayama, Hisanori;Ikeda, Takefumi;Yamamoto, Shin-Ichi
• 通讯作者: Yamamoto, Shin-Ichi

Sex ratio variation of Bishofia javanica B1.(Euphorbiaceae) between native habit, Okinawa (Ryukyu islands), and invaded habitat, Ogasawara (Bonin islands).

Bishofia javanica B1.（大戟科）原生栖息地冲绳（琉球群岛）和入侵栖息地小笠原（小笠原群岛）之间的性别比变化。

• 发表时间: 2002
• 期刊: International Journal of Plant Science 163-6
• 作者: Abe T.;Yamashita N.;Tanaka N.;Kushima H.
• 通讯作者: Kushima H.

Size distribution, growth and inter-year variation in sex expression of Bishofia javanica, an invasive tree.

入侵树种爪哇树的大小分布、生长和性别表现的年际变化。

• 发表时间: 2002
• 期刊: Annals of Botany 90・5
• 作者: Yamashita N.;Abe T.
• 通讯作者: Abe T.

Leaf turnover and growth responses of shade-grown saplings of four Shorea rain forest species to a sudden increase in light

• DOI: 10.1093/treephys/26.4.449
• 发表时间: 2006-04-01
• 期刊: TREE PHYSIOLOGY
• 影响因子: 4
• 作者: Shimizu, M;Ishida, A;Yagi, H
• 通讯作者: Yagi, H