NOVEL SOLAR ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEM USING WATER AND SULFUR

使用水和硫的新型太阳能转换系统

基本信息

批准号：
14103016
负责人：
TOHJI Kazuyuki
金额：
$ 69.31万
依托单位：
TOHOKU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This year, we concentrated our research on the following topics aiming the accomplishment of solar energy conversion system (SECS)1.Development of highly efficient photocatalyst-This year, we succeeded in scaling up the photocatalyst synthesis process (developed last year) to obtain necessary quantity of CdS particles for efficient SECS. As a consequence, this year' s research was focused on the development of a photocatalytic cell that utilizes hydrogen sulfide (H_2S) dissolved in alkaline solution as raw material and separate the hydrogen evolved effectively.2.Removal of by-products evolved during reaction-When H_2S is photosplit, besides hydrogen, sulfur clusters (SC), which hinders the reaction is also produced as a by-product. Thus, a physical separation process based on electron transfer characteristics was developed to recover SC without degrading the reactants in the system. In this process, fullerene (C_<60>), which stably disperses in highly alkaline conditions, was used as a … More n electron donor. When fullerene was introduced into the yellow colored suspension dispersing SC, the suspension turned colorless instantaneously. Furthermore, sulfur (S) recovered by heat-treating sulfur-contained fullerene was used for the preparation of the raw material to produce H_2S.3.Reproduction of hydrogen sulfide from recovered sulfurThough circulation of sulfur was attempted by treating the same with water under hydrothermal conditions until last year, reproduction of H_2S using sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) was attempted this year. As a result, we succeeded in the production of biogas containing 15 % of H_2S, which is equivalent to methane fermentation.4.Enrichment of hydrogen sulfideSince the H_2S produced by treating sulfur with SRB is associated with large quantities of methane and carbon dioxide, solid and liquid absorbents based enrichment technology was developed to obtain nearly 100 % H_2S.Solar energy conversion system was accomplished by carrying out the above researches. Less

今年，我们集中研究了以下课题，旨在实现太阳能转换系统（SECS）1.高光催化剂的开发-今年，我们成功地扩大了光催化剂合成工艺（去年开发的），以获得高效所需的光催化剂因此，今年的研究重点是开发一种光催化电池，该电池利用溶解在高效碱性溶液中的硫化氢（H_2S）作为原料并分离出光催化电池。 2.反应过程中产生的副产物的去除-当H_2S光解时，除了氢之外，还会产生阻碍反应的硫簇(SC)，因此，基于物理分离过程。电子转移特性的开发是为了在不降解系统中反应物的情况下回收SC。在此过程中，使用在高碱性条件下稳定分散的富勒烯（C_<60>）作为n电子。当将富勒烯引入分散SC的黄色悬浮液中时，悬浮液立即变成无色。此外，通过热处理含硫富勒烯回收的硫(S)用于制备原料以产生H_2S.3。从回收的硫中再生硫化氢虽然去年尝试了通过在水热条件下对硫进行处理来实现硫的循环，但使用今年我们尝试了硫酸盐还原菌（SRB），结果成功生产了含有15%H_2S的沼气，相当于甲烷发酵。4.硫化氢的富集由于用SRB处理硫产生的H_2S是与大量甲烷和二氧化碳相关，开发了基于固体和液体吸收剂的富集技术，以获得近100%的H_2S。太阳能转化通过以上研究就完成了系统。