An Elucidation of the Role of Institutional Systems in Characterizing Technology Development Trajectories - A Global Comparative Analysis of Manufacturing Technology and Information Technology in the Enhancement of Business Practice

阐明制度体系在表征技术发展轨迹中的作用——制造技术和信息技术在增强商业实践方面的全球比较分析

基本信息

批准号：
14101009
负责人：
WATANABE Chihiro
金额：
$ 63.23万
依托单位：
Tokyo Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

I.Background and Objectives1.Japan ranks far below the level of the USA with respect to the development and utilization of information technology (IT) in the information society that emerged in the 1990s.2.This can be attributed to a vicious cycle between Japan's non-elastic institutions, insufficient utilization of the potential benefits of IT, and economic stagnation.3.The source of such a vicious cycle can be derived from the fundamental differences of the characterizing process of technology between manufacturing technology (MT) and IT during their diffusion processes. This investigation attempted to elucidate this mechanism.II.New Findings1.MT has been developed largely by the supply side and its functionality is established during the stage of its supply to the market. In contrast, IT is strongly driven by the demand side and its functionality is created through diffusion in a self-propagating way. This contrast can be clearly observed in the dramatic advancement of Japan's mobil … More e phone industry in the late 1990s.2.In fact, induced by strong market learning aiming at higher functionality and accomplishing a full utilization of the benefit of network externalities, Japan's mobile phone industry has demonstrated co-evolutional development with institutional systems through the creation of functionality and the changing of characteristics in a self-propagating way during its diffusion process.3.This can also be attributed to co-evolution between operators and vendors amidst severe competition in their new variety of functionalities, leading to construction of Japan's unique dual co-evolutional dynamism.4.Mobile phone driven innovation triggered reactivation of Japan's economy through its catalytic role in restructuring industry production, diffusion, consumption and innovation systems by disseminating core technologies and renovating the conventional production style.5.However, as a consequence of Japan's unique supply structure in a closed system, Japan's mobile phone industry failed to conform to the demand for functionality variety in the global market.6.In addition, innovation resulted in differentiating the domestication of the characterization process of technology between firms sticking to Not Invented Here syndrome and those that succeeded in fusing indigenous strength and learning effects by means of the hybrid management of technology. Consequently, the innovation trajectory of firms was bi-polarized, resulting in heterogeneous Japanese firms that were previously homogenous. Less

一、背景和目标1.在20世纪90年代兴起的信息社会中，日本在信息技术（IT）的开发和利用方面远远低于美国的水平。2.这可以归因于日本与日本之间的恶性循环。 3.这种恶性循环的根源在于制造技术（MT）与IT在技术表征过程上的根本差异。扩散本次调查试图阐明这一机制。二、新发现 1. MT主要是由供给方大力发展的，其功能是在向市场供应的阶段就确立的。相比之下，IT是由需求方及其需求方驱动的。功能是通过自我传播的方式传播而创造的，这种对比可以在 20 世纪 90 年代末日本移动电话行业的巨大进步中清楚地观察到。2 事实上，这是由旨在更高功能和功能的强大市场学习所引起的。功能性日本手机产业在充分利用网络外部性效益的基础上，在扩散过程中通过自我传播的功能创造和特性变化，展现了与制度体系的共同进化发展。 3.这也可以这归因于运营商和供应商在各种新功能的激烈竞争中共同进化，从而构建了日本独特的双重共同进化动力。4.移动电话驱动的创新通过其通过传播核心技术、革新传统生产方式，对重构产业生产、扩散、消费和创新体系起到催化作用。 5.但由于日本独特的封闭体系供给结构，日本手机产业未能顺应产业发展的规律。 6. 此外，创新还导致坚持非发明综合症的公司与那些通过混合技术成功融合本土力量和学习效果的公司之间技术表征过程的驯化过程的差异。从技术管理的角度来看，企业的创新轨迹是两极分化的，导致日本企业出现了以前同质化程度较低的异质性。