A study on enrichment and volume reduction of tritiated water in a fusion reactor using photocatalysis

聚变反应堆中氚化水光催化富集减容研究

基本信息

批准号：
12680493
负责人：
FUKADA Satoshi
金额：
$ 1.66万
依托单位：
Kyushu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12680493/
关键词：
tritium water photo catallysis titanium oxide fusion reactor ultraviolet light distillation 無電解メッキ蒸留法

项目摘要

It is important to establish a safety process of enrichment or volume reduction of tritiated water for promoting safety of a fusion reactor and public acceptance.Tentative storage of tritium water in a vessel is not final measures. Water distillation needs a large energy and has an economical problem. Titanium oxide (anatase) of photocatalysis is expected to decompose air pollutantor to dissociate water into hydrogen and oxygen. Since there may be a small difference in dissociation energy between light water and heavy or tritiated water, enrichment of tritium in waste water expected to be exhausted from a fusion reactor was experimentally investigated by using a photocatalysis.In the first year of the present research, we manufactured photocatalyses by means of nonelectrolysis gilding under different conditions of temperature and concentration. The catalysis was manufactured by plating nickel oxide on titanium oxide.Then the photocatalysis dipped in water in a glass cell was put undera … More n ultraviolet light from a xenon lamp. Part of tritiated water dissociated to hydrogen and oxygen on the anatase photocatalysis, and they recombined on nickel oxide. A difference in rate of dissociation and recombination between tritiated water and light water brought a certain enrichment of tritium in non-dissociated water. Since a key to enrich tritiated water by photocatalysis is to manufacture a high-efficient catalyst, many catalyses were tested under various plating conditions. Although.titanium oxides and nickel oxides were working, the yield was comparatively small.So, in the second year of the present research, another nonelectrolysis gilding in palladium chloride.solution was tested. Tritium enrichment by anatase-palladium catalysis was investigated under ultraviolet light. The yield increased and the isotope separation factor was around 1.1. In order to apply the present method to industrial scale it is necessary to make contact well among solid (catalysis), liquid (water) and gas (vapor, hydrogen and oxygen). A trickle bed system was found to be optimum for maintaining the good contact. It was concluded that the trickle system should be investigated in the next study. Part of the results was presented in scientific journals and the rest will be presented in the near future. Less

重要的是要建立一个富集或减少繁殖水量的安全过程，以促进融合反应堆和公众接受的安全性。对船只中的triptate储存并不是最终的测量。水蒸馏需要大量的能量，并存在经济问题。光催化的氧化钛（解剖酶）有望分解空气污染物，以将水分离为氢和氧气。由于通过使用光催化，在本研究的第一年，通过实验研究了，在融合反应器中富集了淡水与大量或tri体水之间的分离能量可能很小，因此预计将用融合反应器耗尽的废水中的trich。催化是通过将氧化镍镀在氧化钛上来制造的。然后将浸入水中的水中的光催化被放在XENON灯中的更多N紫外线下。一部分是在糖化酶光催化上与氢和氧离解的一部分，并在氧化镍上重新组合。 tri的水和淡水之间的解离和重组率差异导致一定的非解散水中trich富集。由于通过光催化富集繁殖水的关键是生产高效的催化剂，因此在各种电镀条件下测试了许多催化剂。尽管氧化苯二烷和镍氧化物在起作用，但产率相对较小。因此，在本研究的第二年，另一个非电溶解镀金的氯化乙烯中。在紫外线下研究了催化剂 - 催化剂的tri富富集。产量增加，同位素分离因子约为1.1。为了将当前方法应用于工业规模，有必要使固体（催化），液体（水）和气体（蒸气，氢和氧）之间的接触良好。发现trick流系统是保持良好接触的最佳选择。得出的结论是，应在下一项研究中对trick流系统进行研究。结果的一部分是在科学期刊上提出的，其余的将在不久的将来提出。较少的