Gas separation by a Pd-plated alumina membrane for a small-scale emergency atmospheric detritiation system

小型应急大气除氚系统的镀钯氧化铝膜气体分离

基本信息

批准号：
07808056
负责人：
FUKADA Satoshi
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
KYUSHU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

I conducted an experiment of the hydrogen and water vapor separation by a Pd-plated alumina membrane for a small-scale emergency atmospheric detritiation system (ADS) and carried out numerical simulations of an integrated ADS.The following results were obtained.(1) Water vapor and hydrogen separation characteristics were numerically simulated for the case of an integrated ADS partially replaced by the gas separation membrane. The counter-current flow was found to be the most promising among the cross flow, counter-current flow, co-current flow and complete mixing flow from a viewpoint of the gas separation efficiency of ADS.Water vapor preferentially permeated near the inlet of the gas separation membrane for the case of the three-component system of water vapor, tritium and nitrogen. The best cut condition was determined.(2) The water vapor and hydrogen permeabilities of a cellulose-acetate membrane and a polyimido membrane agreed with values reported in the past elsewhere. This results shows a good performance of the experimental apparatus built here.(3) Electroless Pd plating on Zr_2Fe particles was conducted for the investigation of the hydrogen permeation performance of a Pd film. The Pd plating was stable even in heating up to 800ﾟC.Hydrogen effectively permeated through the Pd film at around room temperature in oxygen free atmospheres, while hydrogen gas changed to water vapor on Pd film in atmospheres including oxygen.(4) Mist formation occurred in gas streams at the critical supersaturation condition when water vapor permeating through the gas separation membrane of ADS was cooled for desublimation from the streams.In order to establishe a small-scale emergency atmospheric detritiation system, the gas separation membrane, the electroless Pd plating technique and the vapor desublimation system was integrally investigated and each system component was proved to perform expected characteristics.

笔者针对小型应急大气除氚系统（ADS）进行了镀钯氧化铝膜分离氢气和水蒸气的实验，并对一体化ADS进行了数值模拟，得到了以下结果。（1）水对部分被气体分离膜替代的集成ADS的情况进行了蒸汽和氢气分离特性的数值模拟，结果发现逆流是错流、逆流、并流和并流中最有前途的。完整的混合流从从ADS气体分离效率的角度出发，对于水蒸气、氚、氮三组分体系，水蒸气在气体分离膜入口附近优先渗透。(2)醋酸纤维素膜和聚酰亚胺膜的水蒸气和氢气渗透率与过去其他地方报道的值一致。这个结果表明这里构建的实验装置具有良好的性能。（3）化学镀钯。采用 Zr_2Fe 颗粒研究 Pd 薄膜的氢渗透性能，即使加热至 800℃，氢气也能稳定地渗透到 Pd 薄膜中。 (4)当水蒸气透过ADS气体分离膜时，在临界过饱和条件下，气流中出现雾气形成。为了建立小型应急常压脱升华系统，对气体分离膜、化学镀钯技术和气相脱升华系统进行了综合研究，并证明了各系统部件具有预期的性能。