Studies on the occurrence of monoecious variants during vegetative propagation of spinach and asparagus plants by tissue culture techniques

利用组织培养技术研究菠菜和芦笋植物无性繁殖过程中雌雄同株变异的发生

基本信息

批准号：
12660018
负责人：
MASUDA Kiyoshi
金额：
$ 2.37万
依托单位：
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12660018/
关键词：
Sex expression Aspalagus Spinach Tissue culture Super male 超雄性

项目摘要

It has been known that the variation of sex expression in plants occurs during micropropagation through tissue cultures. In order to elucidate the underlying mechanism, the experiments was conducted to find variants that the sex expression had been converted from male or female to monoecious plants and analyze their growth habits, morphological features and the frequency of fruit setting. Moreover, the actual changes in sex expression were pursued by carrying out micropropagation through tissue cultures. In addition, the methods for analysing proteins extracted from asparagus and spinach flowers.In the experimental farm we identified several asparagus plants having anthers and carrying potency to set fruits. Usually immature flowers of asparagus show hermaphroditic morphology, forming complete male flowers by stage-specific arrest of ovary tissue and ovules on the way to maturation. Nevertheless, flowers on male asparagus plants which were able to set fruits had large ovaries and a long style with normal stigma, compared with those of MW 500W male flowers. Some ovules within the ovaries seemed to be alive. The flowers on the asparagus plants showed an extent of variation in the morphology of ovary and the length of styles. Spinach plants regenerated from root calli were grown in vitro under long photoperiod until flowering. The gender of donor plants and regenerants were identified based on the morphology of flowers. The plants derived from root segments of female plants were all female, while those from male donors included monoecy which bears female and male flowers on the same plants.These results suggest that the sex expression of asparagus and spinach is manifested as a flexible phenotype, converged from dioecy to monoecy by the tissue culture procedure and that male plants was susceptible to sex conversion than female plants.

众所周知，通过组织培养物在微繁殖过程中发生性别表达的变化。为了阐明潜在的机制，进行了实验，以发现将性表达从雄性或雌性转化为雌雄同体植物的变体，并分析其生长习惯，形态学特征和水果设置的频率。此外，通过通过组织培养进行微繁殖来追求性表达的实际变化。此外，分析从芦笋和菠菜花提取的蛋白质的方法。在实验农场，我们确定了几种具有花药的芦笋植物，并承受着固定水果的效力。通常，芦笋的未成熟花朵表现出雌雄同体的形态，在成熟的途中通过特定于卵巢组织和胚珠的特定阶段停滞形成完整的雄花。然而，与MW 500W雄花相比，能够固定水果的雄性芦笋植物上的花朵具有较大的卵巢和较长的污名。卵巢中的一些胚珠似乎还活着。芦笋植物上的花朵显示出卵巢形态和样式长度的变化程度。从根calli再生的菠菜植物在长光周期下在体外生长直至开花。根据花的形态鉴定出供体植物和再生剂的性别。源自雌性植物根部片段的植物都是雌性的，而男性捐助者的植物包括单层，在同一植物上带有雌花和雄花。这些结果表明，芦笋和菠菜的性别表达表现为柔性表型，融合了柔性表型从组织培养程序到单次，从二元期到单一植物，雄性植物比雌性植物容易受到性转化的影响。