Comparative study on residents conflicts and agreement formation concerning waste management facilities

垃圾处理设施居民冲突与协议形成比较研究

• 批准号: 12610181
• 负责人: TODA Kiyosi
• 金额: $ 1.41万
• 依托单位: Nagasaki University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2001
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12610181/
• 关键词: residents conflict; agreement formation; accountability; information disclosure; waste management facility; broading of areas used as unit in municipal waste management system; environment; necessity; 廃棄物焼却炉; 廃棄物最終処分場; 紛争; 資源動員論; 住民合意; 争点

For waste management facilities both existing and under planning, that is, intermediate treatment equipment especially incinerators and final disposal facilities, comparative research was carried out on the conflicts between residents and the local government or private companies in deciding their locations, and how they reached agreements.Friction occurred between residents and a local government including a broader-based local government in the case of municipal waste disposal, and private companies became opponents in the case of industrial waste.The following conflict concerning "broadening of areas used as unit in municipal waste management system" since administrative guidance of Ministry of Health and Welfare in 1997 was investigated in this research :1) Cases of block of southern and Central Region of Nagasaki Prefecture (Isahaya city) ;2) Nagasaki and Seihi block of Nagasaki Prefecture (Seihi town) ;3) Amagi and Asakura block of Fukuoka Prefecture (Miwa town) ;4) Western part … More of Koga and Munakata block of Fukuoka Prefecture (Koga city) ;5) Eastern part of Koga and Munakata block of Fukuoka Prefecture (Munakata city) ;6) Eastern block of Saga Prefecture (nakabaru town) ;7) Kumage block of Kagoshima Prefecture (Yakushima) ;8) Nishiiburi block of Hokkaido Prefecture (Muroran city)Other conflicts studied are :1) Cases of municipal waste disposal facility plan of Kurume city of Fukuoka Prefecturte ;2) Municipal waste incinerator plan of Setouchi town of Kagoshima Prefecture ;3) Municipal waste disposal facility of HInode town of Tokyo Prefecture ;4) Industrial waste disposal facility in Sanpouzan area of Nagasaki City ;5) Industrial waste disposal facility plan in Mie area of Nagasaki city ;6) Industrial waste disposal facility plan in Kanoya city of Kagoshima Prefecture ;7) PCB waste chemical treatment facility plan in Kitakyushu cityThe sequence of events in each case were chronologically clarified, and poiints of issues were described according to social and economic necessity, technical and environmental validity, and legitimacy of democratic decision making procedures.As a result, it was found that shortness of operation experience in so called "pyrolysis and high temperature combustion system" is one of controversial points in technical validity area. Emission of dioxins and heavy metals, impacts on endangered wildlife, and other points are discussed in the environmental area. Opening the selection process from several proposed sites to the public, and how to confirm the intention of residents concerned are among points argued concerning decision making procedures.Several hundreds of conflicts have already happened around waste management facilities in Japan, and not a few are on civil trials at present. Therefore, it is concluded that information disclosure, accountability, citizens participation in decision making procedures, discussion on alternative plans, environmental impact assessment are among points to be improved. Less

对于现有和规划中的垃圾处理设施，即中间处理设备特别是焚烧炉和最终处置设施，对居民与当地政府或私营企业在选址时的冲突以及如何达成一致进行了比较研究.在城市垃圾处理方面，居民与地方政府（包括更广泛的地方政府）之间发生摩擦，在工业垃圾方面，私营企业成为反对者。以下冲突涉及“扩大城市垃圾的单位使用范围”卫生部行政指导以来的管理制度本研究调查了 1997 年的福利状况：1）长崎县南部和中部地区（谏早市）的案例；2）长崎县长崎和西肥地区（西肥町）；3）福冈县天城和朝仓地区县（三轮町）；4）福冈县古河·宗像地区西部（古河市） ;5) 福冈县古贺·宗像地区东部（宗像市）;6) 佐贺县东部地区（中原町）;7) 鹿儿岛县熊毛地区（屋久岛）;8) 北海道县西炸地区（室兰）研究的其他冲突有：1）福冈县久留米市城市垃圾处理设施规划案例；2）城市垃圾鹿儿岛县濑户内町焚烧厂计划；3）东京都日之出町城市垃圾处理设施；4）长崎市三宝山地区工业垃圾处理设施；5）长崎市三重地区工业垃圾处理设施计划长崎市；6) 鹿儿岛县鹿屋市的工业废物处理设施计划；7) 北九州市的 PCB 废物化学处理设施计划 每个案例的事件顺序按时间顺序排列并从社会和经济必要性、技术和环境有效性、民主决策程序的合法性等方面对问题点进行了阐述。结果发现，所谓“热解高温燃烧系统”运行经验的不足“是技术有效性领域的争议点之一。环境领域讨论了二恶英和重金属的排放、对濒危野生动物的影响等问题。向公众开放几个拟建地点的选择过程，以及如何确认居民意向日本围绕废弃物处理设施已经发生了数百起冲突，目前正在进行民事审判的也不在少数。因此，得出的结论是信息公开、责任追究、公民参与决策制定程序、替代方案讨论、环境影响评价等方面有待改进。