Land and Agricultural Systems in West African Small Watershed

西非小流域的土地和农业系统

• 批准号: 11691084
• 负责人: WAKATSUKI Toshiyuki
• 金额: $ 16.88万
• 依托单位: Shimane University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2001
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11691084/
• 关键词: Echo-technology; West Africa; Sustainable Sawah development; Land systems; Sawah hypothesis; Reforestation; Inland valley watershed; Reclamation and sharing contract; エコテクノロジー; 生態工学; アフリカ; 炭酸ガス吸収; ガーナ; ナイジェリア; 国際協力; 水田; 生態環境; 熱帯アフリカ; 焼畑

In tropical Africa, agriculture is mostly upland crops by traditional system, which destroys upland forests, and lowlands have not been yet widely used. Tropical Africa's total potential for lowland sawah, paddy, based farming is more than 20 million hectares. Among the lowlands, inland valleys are especially important for sawah development. The sustainable productivity of lowland sawah systems is over ten times as high as that in upland cropping systems because of Geological fertilization, i.e., soil, nutrients and water flow, from upland to lowland in a watershed. Because of this, if these 20 million ha of potential land were turned into sawah fields in 50 to 100 years from now, that would not only bring about food for 500 million to one billion people but also prevent deforestation of more than 200 million ha, which would ultimately pave the way to restore forest. Based on the three years of research, we proposed the ecotechnology based strategy and practical and participatory approached for the reforestation and the checking desertification through lowland sawah development in West Africa. The carbon to be fixed by restored forests will reach about 2.5-5 tons per ha per year and will total to 500 million to one billion tons a year in 50-100 years from now.

在热带非洲，传统农业多为旱地作物，破坏了高地森林，低地尚未得到广泛利用。热带非洲的低地稻田农业总潜力超过 2000 万公顷。在低地中，内陆山谷对于萨瓦的发展尤为重要。由于流域内从高地到低地的地质施肥，即土壤、养分和水流，低地萨瓦系统的可持续生产力比高地耕作系统高十倍以上。正因为如此，如果这2000万公顷的潜在土地在50到100年后变成沙瓦田，不仅可以为5亿到10亿人带来粮食，还可以防止超过2亿公顷的森林砍伐，这最终将为恢复森林铺平道路。基于三年的研究，我们提出了基于生态技术的战略以及通过西非低地萨瓦开发重新造林和遏制荒漠化的实用和参与性方法。恢复森林每年固定的碳量将达到每公顷约2.5-5吨，50-100年后总计将达到每年5亿至10亿吨。

项目成果

Fashola, O.O. et al: "The use of Polyolefin-coated Urea to Improve Indica Rice Cultivation in Sandy West Africa Lowland Condition"Tropical Agriculture. 45 (2). 108-118 (2001)

法绍拉，O.O.

久馬一剛他: "熱帯の低地土壌とその生産力(久馬一剛編「熱帯土壌学」所収)"名古屋大学出版会. 43 (2001)

Kazutaka Kuma 等人：“热带低地土壤及其生产力（包含在热带土壤科学中，Kazutaka Kuma 编辑）”名古屋大学出版社 43（2001）。

Hayashi, K. et al.: "Indigenous Soil Knowledge for Sustainable Agricultural Development in the Sahel Zone of Niger, West Africa, 1. Soil Quality Characterization of a Small Valley watershed"Tropics. 9(4). 245-258 (2000)

Hayashi, K. 等人：“西非尼日尔萨赫勒地区可持续农业发展的本土土壤知识，1. 小山谷流域的土壤质量特征”热带。

高根務: "開発介入と住民のインセンティブ構造-中部ガーナの在来土地制度と小規模水田開発の事例から"アフリカレポート. 30. 6-11 (2000)

Tsutomu Takane：“发展干预和居民激励结构 - 加纳中部本土土地系统和小规模稻田开发案例研究”《非洲报告》30. 6-11 (2000)。

Buri, M.M.et al.: "Sulfur and zinc levels as Iimiting factors to rice production in West Africa lowlands"Geoderma. 94. 23-42 (2000)

Buri，M.M.等人：“硫和锌水平是西非低地水稻生产的限制因素”Geoderma。