Legal Logic and Framework of Administrative Reform by Restructuring Public Finance System

公共财政体制改革行政改革的法律逻辑与框架

• 批准号: 11620022
• 负责人: FUKE Toshiro
• 金额: $ 1.02万
• 依托单位: NAGOYA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11620022/
• 关键词: Public Finance System Reform; Legitimacy of Public Finance; Administrative Reform; Law and Public Finance

This research project has been conducted to find out the legal(constitutional)logic to impose legitimately specific administrative reforms by means of restructuring public finance system. This is the very unique Japanese style of neo-liberalism administrative reform since 1980s.As the very statute that had to be examined mainly for this project has been repealed and finally suspended, two other recent but related reforms were taken up instead to carry out the substantial part of the research. One of them is the creation of the Japanese version of the British next step agency. They are called "independent administrative entities" and it is intended to separate some executive administrative units/agencies from the typically characterized planning and commanding sections that can exercise the authoritative powers of the state. The other is the local government reform to transfer huge amount of executive functions from the national government to local governments without providing necessary financial resources. Both reforms are, so this research concludes, motivated solely by the unavoidable public finance reform of the national government to shift the burden of 570 trillion yen to the citizen users of public goods and services and the local governments. In these reforms, democracy/accountability, efficiency and fairness, are eventually disregarded and derogated, which may in due course render them unconstitutional.

本研究项目的目的是找出通过重组公共财政体系来实施合法的具体行政改革的法律（宪法）逻辑。这是自 20 世纪 80 年代以来非常独特的日本新自由主义行政改革风格。由于主要为此项目而必须审查的法规已被废除并最终暂停，因此采取了另外两项最近但相关的改革来实施研究的实质性部分。其中之一就是创建日本版的英国下一步机构。它们被称为“独立行政实体”，旨在将一些行政行政单位/机构从具有典型特征的可以行使国家权威的计划和指挥部门中分离出来。另一种是地方政府改革，将中央政府的大量行政职能转移给地方政府，但不提供必要的财政资源。本研究得出的结论是，这两项改革的动机仅仅是国家政府不可避免的公共财政改革，目的是将 570 万亿日元的负担转移给公共产品和服务的公民用户以及地方政府。在这些改革中，民主/问责制、效率和公平最终被忽视和贬损，这可能在适当的时候使它们违宪。

项目成果

福家俊朗: "独立行政法人総説"行財政研究. 40号. 2-9 (1999)

福家敏郎：《独立行政机构审查》《行政与财政研究》第40期。2-9（1999）。

Toshiro Fuke: "Law and Legitimacy of Public Finance"Shinzansha. (2001)

富克敏郎：《公共财政的法律与合法性》新山社。

福家俊朗: "通達の見直しと通達行政-これらをめぐる客観的環境の認識について"税理. 47巻4号. 2-9 (1999)

Toshiro Fukuya：“通知和通知管理的审查 - 认识这些周围的客观环境”，《税务会计》第 47 卷，第 4. 2-9 期（1999 年）。

福家俊朗: "独立行政法人の虚像と実像"法律時報. 72巻5号. 1-5 (2000)

Toshiro Fukuie：“独立行政机构的幻想与现实”Law Jiho，第 72 卷，第 5 期 1-5（2000 年）

福家俊朗(浜川清・晴山一穂との共編著): "『独立行政法人-その概要と問題点』"日本評論社. 203 (1999)

Toshiro Fukuie（与 Kiyoshi Hamakawa 和 Kazuho Haruyama 共同编辑）：“‘独立行政机构 - 概述和问题’”Nippon Hyoronsha 203 (1999)。