Chemical Studies on Plant-Plant Interactions of Eucalyptus and Mentha Species

桉树和薄荷属植物间相互作用的化学研究

基本信息

批准号：
60560124
负责人：
NISHIMURA Hiroyuki
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
Hokkaido University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1985
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1985 至 1986
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-60560124/
关键词：
Allelopathy Plant growth inhibitor Terpenoid Eucalyptus Mentha Structure-activity relationship

项目摘要

Chemical interferences by one plant with seed germination and seedling growth of another higher plant in nature are called as allelopathy. Since Molisch defined the term "allelopathy" in 1937, many scientists have been concerned with the exploration and exploitation of allelochemics. It is well known that some Eucalyptus species are surrounded by bare (grass-free) ground which are formed by the allelopathic effect in a plant ecosystem.The allelochemics of E. citriodora (lemon-scented gum) has been isolated from the leaves and identified as p-menthane-3,8-diols (cis and trans). Regio-isomers and ester derivatives of p-menthane-3,8-diols are prepared and bio-assayed on germination and growth inhibitions against several higher plants. As a results, it was elucidated that a distance between two oxygens of OH groups and a length of hydrophobic ester groups were very significant for the inhibitory activity. Furthermore, as the allelochemics of E. camaldulensis, E. delegatensis, E. pauciflora and E. viminalis, interesting terpenoids and aromatic compounds were identified.On the other hand, an allelochemics of a spearmint plant such as Mentha spicata was examined. (-)-Carvone which is a major component of spearmint oil exhibited very weak inhibition against germinating seeds and seeding of weeds. However, there is a possibility that the transformation products of (-)-carvone by microorganisms in soil may interfere with other plants. The conversion of (-)-carvone by Streptomyces species gave rise to a novel monoterpene named (+)-bottrospicatol which exhibited very strong inhibitory activity against several grasses. Studies on structure-activity relationships of allelochemics are in progress.

自然界中一种植物对另一种高等植物的种子萌发和幼苗生长的化学干扰称为化感作用。自1937年Molisch定义“化感作用”一词以来，许多科学家一直关注化感作用的探索和利用。众所周知，一些桉树物种被裸露（无草）地面包围，这些地面是由植物生态系统中的化感作用形成的。E. citriodora（柠檬香胶）的化感物质已从叶子中分离出来并得到鉴定作为对薄荷烷-3,8-二醇（顺式和反式）。制备了对薄荷烷-3,8-二醇的区域异构体和酯衍生物，并对其对几种高等植物的发芽和生长抑制进行了生物测定。结果表明，OH基团的两个氧之间的距离和疏水性酯基团的长度对于抑制活性非常重要。此外，作为E. camaldulensis、E. delegatensis、E. pauciflora 和E. viminalis 的化感化学，鉴定了有趣的萜类化合物和芳香化合物。另一方面，检查了留兰香植物如留兰香的化感化学。 (-)-香芹酮是留兰香油的主要成分，对种子发芽和杂草播种具有非常弱的抑制作用。然而，土壤中微生物对(-)-香芹酮的转化产物可能会干扰其他植物。链霉菌对 (-)-香芹酮的转化产生了一种名为 (+)-bottrospicatol 的新型单萜，它对多种禾本科植物表现出很强的抑制活性。化感物质的结构-活性关系的研究正在进行中。