Toward an Integrated Theory of Lexicon, Based on English and Japanese Corpora

基于英日语料库的词汇整合理论

基本信息

批准号：
10610524
负责人：
KAGEYAMA Taro
金额：
$ 1.47万
依托单位：
Kwansei Gakuin University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

By investigating the semantic and syntactic structures of Japanese and English vocabularies, attempts have been made to develop an integrated theory of the lexicon with emphasis on verbs, nouns, and adjectives. Results are combined into the Project Report which comprises fourteen papers arranged in three parts. In Part I (The Lexicon and Syntax), it is demonstrated, first, that morphological rules apply not only to the lexicon but also to the syntactic component ; second, that there is a special morphological category called "Word Plus" that bridges between words and phrases ; and third, that the so-called argument inheritance is executed by the lexical conceptual structure of verbs and the qualia structure of nouns. In Part II (The Lexicon and the Semantic Structure of Verbs), it is shown that the nature of lexical diathesis alternation lies in semantic operations like anti-causativization, de-causativization, causativization, and locative promotion in lexical conceptual structure, and that the unified representation of physical location and abstract state in lexical conceptual structure provides evidence that language system is independent of psychological perceptions. In Part III (The Lexicon and the Semantic Structure of Nouns and Adjectives), it is suggested that the lexical conceptual structure representation of verbs be incorporated into the qualia structure representations of certain nouns and adjectives. This captures a significant generalization for verb nominalizations and other phenomena. It is also found that English can directly access the Telic and Agentive roles of nouns' qualia structure whereas Japanese refers to the semantic structure only indirectly by way of compounding and other morphological means. The study of nouns and adjectives in this project is admittedly preliminary and sketchy, and needs to be elaborated in the future.

通过研究日语和英语词汇的语义和句法结构，人们尝试开发一种以动词、名词和形容词为重点的综合词典理论。结果被合并到项目报告中，该报告由分为三部分的十四篇论文组成。在第一部分（词典和句法）中，首先证明形态规则不仅适用于词典，而且适用于句法成分；其次，有一个特殊的形态类别，称为“词加”，它在单词和短语之间架起桥梁；第三，所谓论元继承是通过动词的词汇概念结构和名词的感受性结构来实现的。第二部分（动词的词汇和语义结构）表明，词汇素质交替的本质在于词汇概念结构中的反使因化、去使因化、使因化、方位提升等语义操作，词汇概念结构中物理位置和抽象状态的统一表示提供了语言系统独立于心理感知的证据。在第三部分（名词和形容词的词汇和语义结构）中，建议将动词的词汇概念结构表征纳入某些名词和形容词的感受性结构表征中。这捕获了动词名词化和其他现象的重要概括。研究还发现，英语可以直接访问名词感受性结构的目的和施事角色，而日语只能通过复合和其他形态手段间接指代语义结构。本项目中对名词和形容词的研究诚然是初步的和粗略的，需要在未来进行详细阐述。