On the Unity of Opposites in Heraclitus

论赫拉克利特的对立统一

• 批准号: 10610012
• 负责人: MIURA Kaname
• 金额: $ 0.7万
• 依托单位: Jumonji University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 1999
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10610012/
• 关键词: Presocratics; Heraclitus; the unity of opposites; 対立者の同一性

The conception of the unity of opposites in Heraclitus may be taken to be a transgression of the law of contradiction, if it is interpreted literally. Some interpreters, therefore, try to recognize that the "unity" means not so much the "identity" as some "connexion" of the opposites. However, this interpretation, which aims to reconcile Heraclitus' thought with logic anachronistically, is nothing but to rationalize it more than necessary and, as a result, to degrade his originality in this point improperly. It should be noted here that Hippolytus of Rome, who is, among others, an important and authoritative source of information on Presocratic philosophy and cites many fragments of Heraclitus referring to the unity of opposites in his Refutatio omnium haeresium, thinks of this unity not as only an association of different elements but as the absolute and objective identity. Hippolytus' interpretation is, we assume, not beside the mark at all. It is true that some of the examples with … More which Heraclitus illustrates the unity of opposites are taken from everyday life and are easily explained in terms of relativity without illogicalness. However, there are also some in which the unity is invisible and we cannot readily observe its existence; this unity is much more generalized so that it represents a latent structure or an objective pattern of the universe composed with all the pairs of opposites. Consequently, we should make a clear distinction between two levels of the unity of opposites in Heraclitus: that which is only a superficial phenomenon and, on the other hand, that which is objective and essential. It goes without saying that, for Heraclitus, it is the latter that is decisively important for the understanding of the nature of the universe. This is the dynamic unicity in which the opposites, opposing with one another, realize a cosmic adjustment or harmony between themselves at the same time. The assertion of the unity of opposites seems very illogical to us, but, in the eyes of Heraclitus, such a paradoxical way the universe subsists shows certainly the cosmic reality. Less

如果从字面上解释，则可以将赫拉克里特期权统一的概念视为矛盾定律的翻译。因此，一些口译员试图认识到“统一”并不意味着“身份”，而是某些选项的“连接”。但是，这种解释旨在使Heraclitus的思想与逻辑过于过于逻辑，无非是将其合理化，而不是必需的，因此，在这一点上不正确地降低了他的独创性。应该指出的是，罗马的河马，除其他外，他是前官方哲学的重要和权威的信息来源，以及赫拉克利特人的许多片段，指的是对立的单位，在他的反驳海部中，他不仅认为这种统一不仅是不同的元素，而且是不同的元素的统一性，而是绝对和客观的认同。我们假设，希波利特斯的解释根本不是在标记旁边。的确，一些示例与……赫拉克利图斯（Heraclitus）说明了对立的统一性的更多例子是从日常生活中获取的，并且很容易用相对论解释，而没有回避性。但是，在某些情况下，统一是看不见的，我们无法轻易观察其存在。这种统一性更为普遍，因此它代表了由所有对立的对立面组成的潜在结构或宇宙的客观模式。因此，我们应该在赫拉克利特（Heraclitus）中两个对立的统一级别之间清楚地划分：这只是一种浅表现象，另一方面是客观和必不可少的现象。毫无疑问，对于赫拉克里特来说，后者对于理解宇宙本质而言至关重要。这是反对派彼此反对的动态统一，同时实现宇宙的调整或和谐。对对立的统一的主张对我们来说似乎是非常有学学的，但是，在赫拉克利图斯的眼中，宇宙的这种矛盾的方式肯定是宇宙的现实。较少的

项目成果

Miura Kaname: "The Unity of Opposites in Heraclitus"The Jumonji Journal of Social and Information Sciences. Vol.3. 1-16 (1999)

三浦要：《赫拉克利特的对立统一》《十文字社会与信息科学杂志》。

三浦要: "ヘラクレイトスにおける「希望」と「探究」"慶應義塾大学言語文化研究所紀要. 31. 95-113 (1999)

Kaname Miura：“赫拉克利特中的‘希望’和‘探究’”庆应义塾大学语言与文化研究所通报，31. 95-113 (1999)。

三浦要: "ギリシア人は環境をどう見ていたか"アルケー・関西哲学会年報. 7. 123-133 (1999)

Kaname Miura：“希腊人如何看待环境？”Arche Kansai 哲学会年度报告 7. 123-133 (1999)。

三浦要: "ヘラクレイトスにおける「対立者の一致」-ヒッポリュトス『全異端派論駁』IX8-10を手がかりとして"社会情報論叢. 3. 1-16 (1999)

Kaname Miura：“赫拉克利特的‘反对者团结’——基于希波吕托斯对所有异端的驳斥 IX8-10”社会信息系列。 3. 1-16 (1999)

三浦要: "ギリシア人は環境をどう見ていたか" アルケー(関西哲学会年報). 7号[発表予定]. (1999)

Kaname Miura：“希腊人如何看待环境？”（关西哲学会年度报告第 7 期）（1999 年）。