FREE SURFACE OF FERMI LIQUID

费米液体的自由表面

• 批准号: 08454090
• 负责人: KONO Kimitoshi
• 金额: $ 5.5万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1996 至 1997
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08454090/
• 关键词: Fermi Lquid; Liquid Helium-3; Two-dimensional Electrons; Wigner Solid; Superfluid; Normalfluid; Quasiparticle; Plasmon; ヘリウム3; 2次元電子系; 常流動ヘリウム3; 超流動ヘリウム3

We measured the conductivity of the Wigner solid on normal-and superfluid helium-3 and gave a theoretical account. The Wigner solid is a two-dimensioanlcrystal of triangular lattice, which is accompanied with dimples under each lattiec site. When the dimple moves, it scatters quasiparticles in liquid helium-a3 and feels the frictional force. With calculating this force quantitatively, one can account for the behavior of the conductivity.When temperature is high (>100mK), the scattering mean free path between quasiparticles is so short that the liquid behaves as if a classical viscous liquid. The viscosity of the Fermi liquid increases proportional to T^2, as temperature decreases, and hence the conductivity decreases. Decreasing temperature, the mean free path incereases longer than the lattice constant of the Wigner solid, so that the conductivity becomes no more sensitive to the temperature. Going further down to lower temperature, eventually helium-3 undergoes the superfluidity transition, which casses a change in the excitation spectrum of liquid helium-3. This change can naturally interplete the experimental observation.The present research is restricted in the B-phase of superfluid helium-3. It is necessary to extend the present work to A-phase, which has an anisotropic energy gap.

我们测量了维格纳固体在正常和超流氦 3 上的电导率，并给出了理论解释。维格纳固体是三角形晶格的二维晶体，​​每个晶格位点下都伴有韧窝。当凹坑移动时，它会散射液氦-a3中的准粒子并感受到摩擦力。通过定量计算该力，可以解释电导率的行为。当温度较高（>100mK）时，准粒子之间的散射平均自由程非常短，以至于液体的行为就像经典的粘性液体一样。随着温度降低，费米液体的粘度与 T^2 成比例增加，因此电导率降低。降低温度，平均自由程增加得比维格纳固体的晶格常数长，因此电导率对温度不再敏感。进一步降低温度，最终氦 3 发生超流态转变，从而导致液氦 3 的激发光谱发生变化。这种变化自然可以补充实验观察。目前的研究仅限于超流氦3的B相。有必要将目前的工作扩展到具有各向异性能隙的 A 相。

项目成果

Yu.P.Monarkha: "Wigner Solid Dynamics on Normal and Superfluid ^3He" Physica B. (to appear).

Yu.P.Monarkha：“正常和超流体 ^3He 上的维格纳固体动力学”Physica B.（即将出现）。

Yu.P.Monarkha: "Inelastic Quantum Magnetotransport in a Highly Correlated Two-Dimensional Electron Liquid" Phy.Rev.Lett.78. 2445-2448 (1997)

Yu.P.Monarkha：“高度相关的二维电子液体中的非弹性量子磁输运”Phy.Rev.Lett.78。

S.Ito: "Edge Magnetoplasmons on a Liquid Helium Surface and Quantum Transport in a High Magnetic Field" Czechoslovak Journal of Physics. 46. Suppl.S1 339-340 (1996)

S.Ito：“液氦表面的边缘磁等离子体和高磁场中的量子传输”捷克斯洛伐克物理学杂志。

K.Kono: "Two-Dimensional Electron Systems on Helium and Other Cryogenic Substrates (Ed.E.Andrei)" Kluwer Academic publisher, 393 (1997)

K.Kono：“氦和其他低温基质上的二维电子系统（Ed.E.Andrei）”Kluwer 学术出版社，393（1997）

河野 公俊: "電子が感じる超流動^3Heの液面" パリティ. 掲載予定.

Kimitoshi Kono：“电子感受到的超流体^3He液位” 计划出版。