Studies on the Adaptability of Protect Techniques against Agricultural Disaster by Recent Unusual Weather

近期异常天气农业灾害防护技术适应性研究

• 批准号: 08306014
• 负责人: HORIGUCHI Ikuo
• 金额: $ 6.4万
• 依托单位: HOKKIDO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1996 至 1997
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08306014/
• 关键词: Cool Summer Damage; Drought Damage; Protect Technique; Enquete; State of Operation; Adaptability; Regional Correspondence; Agricultural meteorological Disaster; 農村社会構造の変化; 水田環境の変化; 農家の老令化; 労力不足; 水管理の困難性

Northern Japan have had sever cool summer damage in 1993, such as once a time for fifty or a hundred years. Also in 1994, sever drought damage such as once a time for fifty or a hundred years has occured in Western Japan. However, the farmers were not able to operate protect techniques against these natural disasters enough, because of changing recent circumstance of paddy field and structures of rural society. Enquetes were performed for to know the actual state of rural society.Research group for cool summer damage has performed enquetes such as actual state of operation for protect techniques, reasons that farmers did not operate them, farmer's thinking and so on in Tohoku and Hokkaido. As for a representative protect technique, deep flood irrigation, 23% of farmers did not operate in Tohoku and 7% of farmers in Hokkaido. The most of the reason was luck of balk height in both Tohoku and Hokkaido, and then luck of farmer's effort for operation of protect technique.Research group for drought damage has performed enquetes in Chugoku, Sikoku and Kyushuu. The main reason that farmers did not operate the protect techniques, was absolutely luck of irrigation water in all prefectures. Also there was the reason about luck of farmer's labor in spit of enough irrigation water.

1993年，日本北部遭遇了五十年或一百年来一次的严重夏季降温灾害。同样在1994年，日本西部地区还发生了五十年一百年一遇的严重干旱。然而，由于近年来稻田状况和农村社会结构的变化，农民对这些自然灾害的防护技术还不够充分。为了解农村社会的实际状况进行了调查。夏凉灾害研究小组在东北、北海道进行了保护技术的实际运用状况、农民不运用保护技术的原因、农民的想法等询问。至于代表性的保护技术——深漫灌，东北地区有23%的农民没有进行操作，北海道有7%的农民没有进行操作。最主要的原因是东北和北海道的土块高度的运气，然后是农民对保护技术的操作的努力的运气。干旱损害研究小组已经在中国、四国和九州进行了调查。农民没有运用保护技术的主要原因，绝对是各州灌溉用水的运气。还有就是农民劳动运气好，灌溉用水不够的原因。

项目成果

顧 衛, 他: "北海道における冷害年の気象特性" 中国・四国の農業気象. 9. 92-95 (1996)

顾等：“北海道寒害年气象特征”，中国、四国农业气象9. 92-95(1996)。

鈴木 義則 その他: "西日本干ばつにおける問題点と地域対応" 九州の農業気象. 11-6. 37-38 (1997)

铃木义德等：“日本西部干旱的问题和区域反应”九州农业气象11-6（1997）。

SUZUKI,Yoshinori et al.: "Problems and Regional Correspondence for drought in Western Japan." Kyushuu Agricultural meteorology. 11-6. 37-38 (1997)

SUZUKI，Yoshinori 等人：“日本西部干旱的问题和区域对应”。

ZHANG,Jiquan et al.: "Characteristics and crop damages for drought 1994 in Chugoku Area." Chugoku・Sikoku Agricultural meteorology. 10. 26-29 (1997)

张吉泉等：“1994年中国地区干旱特征及农作物损失”，中国·四国农业气象。10. 26-29 (1997)

顧 衛 その他: "北海道における冷害年の気象特性" 中国・四国の農業気象. 9. 92-95 (1996)

顾等：“北海道寒害年气象特征”，中国、四国农业气象9. 92-95(1996)。