Research for the suitable location of Japanese Summary Courts (Kan'i Saibansyo)

日本简易法院（Kani Saibansyo）的适宜选址研究

• 批准号: 09620038
• 负责人: SANO Hiroyuki
• 金额: $ 1.79万
• 依托单位: Kagoshima University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1997 至 1999
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09620038/
• 关键词: Judicial System; Justice's court; Small claims court; Accsess to Justice; Justiciability; Jurisdiction; Jury; Justice of the peace; 裁判制度; 簡易裁判所判事; 日本弁護士連合会; 填補

Japanese Summary Courts (Kan'i Saibansyo) were created as the lowest court after World War II, for small claims between citizens, in 557 places (at first, then 575 places) in our whole country. At the beginning, they were found in every 2 police precincts, because of a writ or warrant. But the circumstances have been changing, so the origin places were not suitable. According to the 90th Law in 1987(Kakyusaibansyo no setsuritsu oyobi kankatsukuiki ni kansuru horitsu no ichibu wo kaiseisuru horitsu), many Summary Courts have been combined or replaced.Summary Courts have worked as not only a small claims court, but also a ordinary first instance. In the latter, the replace was necessary and rationality, but in the former, has occurred the constitutional problem, that is access to court.The 90th Law in 1987 has made an inconvenience to the people in remote rural areas, but no unconstitutional action. Rather than this problem, after the replacement Summary Courts are able to work more effective because of the concentration of judicial resources. In result Summary Courts can take small claims, which could not bring an action, more positively. Then the regulation for small claims (Syogaku Saiban Seido) was made in the new Civil Procedure in 1996.

日本的摘要法院（Kan'i Saibansyo）是第二次世界大战后最低的法院，用于公民之间的小额索赔，在我们整个国家的557个地方（起初，当时575个地方）。一开始，由于令状或逮捕令，每2个警察区域都会发现它们。但是情况一直在发生变化，因此起源场所不合适。根据1987年的第90律法律（Kakyusaibansyo no setSuritsu oyobi kankatsukuiki ni kansuru horitsu no no Ichibu wo kaiseisuru horitsu），许多摘要法院已被合并或替换。在后者中，替代是必要的和理性的，但是在前者中，发生了宪法问题，即获得法院。1987年的第90条法律给偏远农村地区的人们带来了不便，但没有违宪行动。由于司法资源的集中度，而不是这个问题，在替换摘要之后，法院能够更加有效。结果，摘要法院可以提出小额索赔，而这些索赔不会更积极地提起诉讼。然后，在1996年的新民事诉讼中对小索赔（Syogaku Saiban Seido）进行了规定。

项目成果

佐野裕志: "民事調停における法的判断の特性について"新しい関係性を求めて-コミュニケーションの諸相-. 1. 211-219 (1999)

佐野浩：“论民事调解中法律判决的特征”寻找新的关系——沟通的方面——1。211-219（1999）。

佐野裕志: "調停制度の存在理由"新しい関係性を求めて-コミュニケーションの諸相-. 2. (2000)

佐野浩：“调解系统存在的原因”寻找新的关系 - 沟通的方面 - 2。（2000）

Sano,Hiroyuki: "The theoretical grounds of the japanese madiation in the court (Choteiseido no sonzairiyu)"Atarashii Kankeisei wo motomete. 2(on schedule). (2000)

佐野博之：“日本法庭调解的理论依据（Choteiseido no sonzairiyu）”Atarashii Kankeisei wo motomete。

Sano,Hiroyuki: "The characteristic of the legal judgement in the japanese civil mediation in the court (Minjichotei ni okeru hoteki handan no tokusei ni tsuite)"Atarashii Kankeisei wo motomete. 1. 211-219 (1999)

佐野博之：“日本法院民事调解中法律判决的特征（Minjichotei ni okeru hoteki handan no tokusei ni tsuite）”Atarashii Kankeisei wo motomete。