Comparative Study on Disability Policies in English Speaking Countries.

英语国家残疾政策比较研究。

• 批准号: 09610180
• 负责人: TAMAMURA Kunihiko
• 金额: $ 1.15万
• 依托单位: Nara University of Education
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1997 至 1998
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09610180/
• 关键词: disability policies; disability legislation; comparative sociology; human rights; anti-discrimination legislation

In 1990's There has been many efforts being made toward ending discrimination on the ground of disability around the world, This particular project attempts to make a comparative study on disability policies, especially, focusing on the anti-discrimination legislation for disabled people.During the UN Decade of Disabled Persons, 1983-1992, disability policies changed significantly in the Western societies, especially in English speaking countries. The results of this project are following points ;(1) Since the adoption of the UN Standard Rules on the Equalization of Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities in 1993, the international community took a decisive step toward the recognition of the human rights of persons with disabilities.(2) In the English speaking countries, North America, Australia, the United Kingdom and so on, law forms the fundamental framework from which mechanisms for equality of opportunity can be established. The Americans with Disability Act of 1990 in North America, the Disability Discrimination Act 1992 in Australia, the Disability Discrimination Act 1995 in the U.K.has been passed through each parliaments in order to eliminate discrimination against persons on the ground of disability.(3) In Canada and New Zealand, legislations on human rights refer to the rights of persons with disability within the general legislation.(4) In the Asia and Pacific region the new Decade of Disabled Persons, 1993-2002, has started. In the Phillippinges the significant law for disabled persons, the Magna Carta for Disabled Persons, was passed.(5) Among the developing countries, South Africa has a new employment legislation concerning the disability.The Acts are analyzed from the view points of comparative sociology. It becomes clear that these legislations provide for the legal measures ending the discrimination on the ground of disability and integration of persons with disability into the mainstream of society and for other purposes.

1990年代，世界各地为结束基于残疾的歧视做出了许多努力，这个特定项目试图对残疾政策进行比较研究，特别是针对残疾人的反歧视立法。残疾人十年，1983-1992，西方社会，特别是英语国家的残疾人政策发生了重大变化。该项目的成果如下：（1）自1993年通过《联合国残疾人机会均等标准规则》以来，国际社会在承认残疾人人权方面迈出了决定性的一步（2）在英语国家、北美、澳大利亚、英国等国家，法律构成了建立机会均等机制的基本框架。北美的《1990 年美国残疾人法》、澳大利亚的《1992 年残疾歧视法》、英国的《1995 年残疾歧视法》已获得各国议会的通过，以消除基于残疾的歧视。(3)加拿大和新西兰的人权立法在一般立法中提到了残疾人的权利。(4) 在亚太地区，新的残疾人十年， 1993-2002年，已经开始。菲律宾通过了针对残疾人的重要法律——《残疾人大宪章》。(5)在发展中国家中，南非有关于残疾人的新就业立法。从比较社会学的角度对这些法案进行了分析。 。很明显，这些立法规定了结束基于残疾的歧视以及残疾人融入社会主流和其他目的的法律措施。

项目成果

TAMAMURA,Kunihiko: "Reviewing the Australian Disability Policies" Bulletin of 45th National conference of Japanese Society for the Study of Social Welfare. 344-345 (1997)

玉村邦彦：日本社会福利研究会第 45 届全国会议“审查澳大利亚残疾人政策”公报。

TAMAMURA,Kunihiko: "Disability Anti-Discrimination Legislation and Disability Policies in the UK" Bulletin of Nara University of Education. Vol.47, No.1. 215-225 (1998)

玉村邦彦：“英国的残疾反歧视立法和残疾政策”奈良教育大学公告。

TAMAMURA,Kunihiko: "Anti-discrimination Legislation and Disability Policies in the UK" Bulletin of 46th National conference of Japanese Society for the Study of Social Welfare. 258 (1998)

玉村邦彦：《英国的反歧视立法和残疾政策》第 46 届日本社会福利研究会全国会议通报。

玉村公二彦: "オーストラリアにおける障害者施策の再検討" 日本社会福祉学会第45回全国大会研究報告概要集. 344-345 (1997)

玉村浩司彦：“澳大利亚残疾人政策的重新审查”第 45 届日本社会福利学会全国会议研究报告摘要集 344-345（1997 年）。

玉村公二彦: "イギリスにおける障害者差別禁止法制と障害者施策-「1995年障害についての差別に関する法律(Disabilite Discrinination Act 1995」の成立を中心に-" 奈良教育大学紀要. 第47巻第1号. 215-225 (1998)

Kojihiko Tamamura：“英国禁止歧视残疾人的法律和残疾人政策 - 关注 1995 年《残疾人歧视法》的颁布”奈良教育大学公告第 47 卷，第 1 期第 215 期。 225 (1998)