Job Segregation by Gender in Work Organization

工作组织中按性别划分的工作隔离

基本信息

批准号：
09610172
负责人：
KIMOTO Kimiko
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
Graduate School of Sociai Sciences. Hitotsubashi University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

To seek new possibility of gender-neutral management this paper analyzes the mechanism reproducing job segregation between the genders by taking one of the biggest supermarkets an example. The supermarket is typical industry employing woman as main work force.Firstry I traces the research history on women's work Japan and the UK.While the UK there are many empirical researches using case study methods, nearly all researches Japan are concentrated on the macro level using official statistics. Arguing that the mechanism of job segregation between the genders cannot be analyzed without case study mathods. I point out what the researches in Japan have missed.Secondly I analyze the work organization in a supermarket company. Based on the interviews with managers in the human resources department and rank-and-file employees and the opinion survey, I found two findings : (1) Despite the philosophy of the top executives that the company should promote women to managers as many as possible, the number of female managers are still very limited. Informally and practically, there is gender segregation in job assignment and career making. (2) there are two types of employees in the company. A part of the employees make their career by moving frequently from one store to another. The other employees mostly female part-timers and female and male rank-and-file employees stay in one store for long years accumulating operation knowledge but finding no chances for promotion. There are clear differences of interests and mentality between the two groups. For store managers the key for efficient operation is to bridge the different interests of the tow groups.

为了寻求性别中立管理的新可能性，本文以最大的超市之一为例，分析了性别间工作隔离的再现机制。超市是典型的以女性为主要劳动力的行业。首先回顾了日本和英国对女性工作的研究历史。英国有很多采用案例研究方法的实证研究，而日本的研究几乎都集中在宏观层面，采用案例研究的方法。官方统计。认为没有案例研究的方法就无法分析性别之间的工作隔离机制。指出日本研究的不足之处。其次对超市公司的工作组织进行了分析。根据对人力资源部经理和普通员工的访谈以及意见调查，我发现了两个发现：（1）尽管高层管理人员的理念是公司应该尽可能多地提拔女性担任经理，女性管理者的数量仍然非常有限。在非正式和实践中，工作分配和职业生涯中都存在性别隔离。 (2)公司有两类员工。一部分员工通过频繁地从一家商店跳槽到另一家商店来谋取职业生涯。其他员工大多是女性兼职和男女普通员工，长期在一家店积累运营知识，但找不到晋升的机会。两个群体之间存在明显的利益和心态差异。对于商店管理者来说，高效运营的关键是弥合两个群体的不同利益。