Long-term storage of fruit-tree pollen by freeze-drying method

冻干法长期保存果树花粉

基本信息

批准号：
07660009
负责人：
KOZAKI Itaru
金额：
$ 0.51万
依托单位：
Kagoshima University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07660009/
关键词：
Fruit-tree Pollen Pollen Storage Genetic Resources Freeze-drying Pollination Fertilization Pyrus pyrifolia Pear

项目摘要

Long-term storage of fruit-tree pollen by freeze-drying method has been studied. Pollen storage is important for pollination, cross breeding, and for preservation of plant genetic resources. Freeze-drying seems to be a promising method for the storage.Material & Methods : Pollen of several fruit species, mainly of Pyrus pyrifolia N.(Japanse pear), were used. Pollen was freeze-dried for 15 min. at 25-150mmHg, sealed in ampules under vacuum, and stored at -20ﾟC in a deep-freezer.Effects of Conditions : Over-drying to less than 3% resulted poor survival. Storage temperature of -20ﾟC or lower is necessary for long-term storage. One hour or more rehumidification after seal-opening is necessary for good germination.Survival and Viability of Pollen Stored for 20-25 Years : The viability of long-term stored pollen of pear, treated as above and preserved at -20ﾟC since 1973, was evaluated by germination test and by cross pollination between 1993-1998.Germination rate of the long-term stored pollen attained 51-75%, and growth of pollen tube was as normal as fresh one. Fertilization ability, evaluated by fruit set rate (44-51%) was a liitle lower than by fresh pollen, but seed number per fruit was as same as with fresh pollen, and presented no problems for cross-pollination. In 1998, after 25 years, the pollen still germinated normally.Conclusion : Viability of pear pollen can be maintained for more than 25 years if the pollen was freeze-dried and stored in deep-freezer. This method seems valuable and reliable for long-term storage of fruit-tree pollen, and promising to develop a method for semi-eternal preservation of genetic resources of horticultural crops and other plants.

果树花粉的冷冻干燥方法的长期储存已被研究。花粉储存对于授粉、杂交育种和保存植物遗传资源似乎是一种有前景的储存方法。 & 方法：使用几种水果的花粉，主要是梨叶（日本梨）的花粉，在 15 ℃下冷冻干燥。 25-150mmHg，在真空下密封在安瓿中，并在-20°C的深冰箱中保存。条件的影响：过度干燥至低于3%会导致保存温度在-20°C或更低。对于长期储存，打开密封后需要重新加湿一小时或更长时间才能良好发芽。花粉的存活率和活力储存 20-25 年。年份：自1973年以来，经过上述处理并保存在-20°C下的长期保存的梨花粉的活力，在1993-1998年间通过发芽试验和异花授粉进行评估。长期保存花粉的发芽率51-75％，花粉管生长与新鲜花粉管一样正常，以坐果率（44-51％）评估受精能力。低于新鲜花粉，但每个果实的种子数与新鲜花粉相同，并且没有出现异花授粉问题。1998年，25年后，花粉仍能正常发芽。结论：梨花粉的活力可以保持。如果将花粉冷冻干燥并在冷冻柜中保存，则该方法对于果树花粉的长期保存有价值且可靠，并且有望开发一种方法。园艺作物和其他植物遗传资源的半永久保存。