Image of Women in Ancient Greek Literature, especially in Epics and Tragedy

古希腊文学尤其是史诗和悲剧中的女性形象

基本信息

批准号：
07610531
负责人：
NISHIMURA Yoshiko
金额：
$ 0.64万
依托单位：
Ichimura Gakuen College
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07610531/
关键词：
Homeric Poems Women Gender 叙事詩悲劇ホメロス女性像

项目摘要

What is attained during the three-year research term does not necessarily cover all that was aimed at the first stage. The first plans included elucidation of the images of women in the two different genres of epics and tragedy. In the end, tragedy was excluded from the rage of the investigation and only the female images in Homeric and Hesiodic poems were explained in the research. But it is true that it has produced successful results.It is often pointed out that the images of women in Homer are quite different from those of Hesiod. One of the aims of my research is to make clear from what the difference was derived. This investigation has thrown new light upon the question : it does not result from the difference of social class of the poets or the audience and readers, as is sometimes said, but it depends on the poets' eyes, friendly or hostile, with which they looked at women.The following should be mentioned as the good results of the research. First, the images of women in the two Homeric poems are not always coherent : those in the Iliad and in the Odyssey are clearly different. Secondly, although Homeric poems seem to have nothing to do with notorious misogyne, on which Hesiod put emphasis in his poems, nevertheless the Iliad and the Odyssey are not free from the gender bias and ideology because the poems reflect the reality of the age. In the third, Homer reveals the fact that his deep love for human beings is devoted to women as well, who were obviously discriminated in the Homeric society.

三年研究期间所取得的成果并不一定涵盖第一阶段的所有目标。第一个计划包括阐明史诗和悲剧两种不同类型中的女性形象。最终，悲剧被排除在调查范围之外，研究中只解释了荷马和赫西奥德诗歌中的女性形象。但它确实取得了成功的结果。人们经常指出，荷马笔下的女性形象与赫西奥德的女性形象有很大不同。我研究的目的之一是弄清楚差异是从何而来的。这项研究为这个问题提供了新的线索：它并不像有时所说的那样，是由诗人或观众和读者的社会阶层的差异造成的，而是取决于诗人的眼睛，无论是友好的还是敌对的，他们用什么眼睛来看待这个问题？下面应该提到的是这项研究的良好成果。首先，两首荷马史诗中的女性形象并不总是一致的：《伊利亚特》和《奥德赛》中的女性形象明显不同。其次，尽管荷马史诗似乎与赫西奥德在其诗歌中所强调的臭名昭著的厌女症无关，但《伊利亚特》和《奥德赛》却无法摆脱性别偏见和意识形态，因为这些诗歌反映了时代的现实。在第三部中，荷马揭示了他对人类的深爱也倾注于女性，而女性在荷马社会中受到明显的歧视。