Origin of tetrodotoxin and toxification mechanism in tetrodotoxin-bearing pufferfishes and Japanese newt

河豚毒素的来源及河豚毒素和日本蝾螈的中毒机制

基本信息

批准号：
07456091
负责人：
YAMAMORI Kunio
金额：
$ 4.99万
依托单位：
School of Fisheries Sciences, Kitasato University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

High molecular weight substances (TTX-binding substances) which had ability to bind tetrodotoxin (TTX) were proved to be contained in the blood plasma of puffer fishes. Most of TTX in the plasma existed in a state of binding with the subsances. The TTX-binding substances had ability to bind not only TTX but also saxitoxin (STX). Small amount of STX bound with the substances existed naturally in the plasma. All the plasma of puffer fishes examined showed TTX-binding ability. In them the plasma of finepatterned puffer, Takifugu poecilonotus, showed the strongest activity, its one mililiter plasma could bind 23 mouse units of TTX.The TTX-binding substances unbound TTX under acidic condition and bound under neutral condition reversibly. The TTX-binding substances bound STX rather than TTX but did not bind goniotoxins. The TTX-binding substances were examined for neutralizing effects against the lethal activity of TTX or STX.When the mixture of the TTX-binding substances and TTX or STX was injected i.p. into mice, the lethal activity of TTX or STX was significantly reduced.Japanese newt is one of TTX-bearing animals. Specimens were collected from several spots at different vertical levels in Sanriku town, Iwate prefecture. The specimens were assayd for toxicity by mouse assay. A wide individual variation of toxicity was recognized among the specimens caught from a given spot. The local variation in toxicity was also large. There was a tendency that the toxicity was higher in specimens collected at high elevation than at low elevation. Toxicity of the newts collected from rice fields near seashore was increased 100 days after transportation them from the rice fields to a marsh near the top of a mountain.

事实证明，具有结合四毒素（TTX）能力的高分子量物质（TTX结合物质）被证明包含在河豚鱼的血浆中。等离子体中的大多数TTX都存在于与平的结合状态。 TTX结合物质不仅具有结合TTX，还可以结合Saxitoxin（STX）。与物质结合的少量STX在血浆中自然存在。所检查的河豚鱼的所有血浆都表现出TTX结合能力。在其中，细粉菌的血浆takifugu poecilonotus显示出最强的活性，其一个mililiter血浆可以结合TTX的23个小鼠单位。TTX结合物质在酸性条件下未结合的TTX在酸性状态下且在中性条件下结合。 TTX结合物质结合了STX而不是TTX，但没有结合促性腺毒素。检查了TTX结合物质对TTX或STX致死活性的中和作用。当TTX结合物质的混合物和TTX或STX的混合物注入腹腔内。在小鼠中，TTX或STX的致命活性显着降低。日本NEWT是含TTX的动物之一。从Iwate县Sanriku镇的不同垂直层的几个斑点收集了标本。样品是通过小鼠测定的毒性测定的。从给定位置捕获的标本中，人们认识到毒性的广泛变化。毒性的局部变化也很大。有一种趋势是，在高海拔地区收集的标本中的毒性高于低海拔的毒性。从稻田从稻田运输到山顶附近的沼泽后100天，从稻田中收集的纽特的毒性增加了。