Sustainable Development of Irrigated Agriculture in Arid Lands

干旱地区灌溉农业的可持续发展

基本信息

批准号：
07041142
负责人：
YAMAMOTO Tahei
金额：
$ 6.4万
依托单位：
Tottori University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The research seeks to analyze the factors of desertification due to irrigation and recommend new irrigation guidelines for sustainable agriculture. The field works were carried out in China and Iran in Asia, in 1995 and in Niger, Ghana and Kenya in Africa, 1996.In 1995, at the Mu Us Shamo Research Center, Iocated in the southern Ordos Plateau of Inner Mongolia Autonoumous Region, new technologies of irrigation and drainage were discused to develop sustainable irrigated agro-forestry fields by using limited groundwater which can be economically developed for use as irrigation, water. Iran is developing irrigated agriculture、after going through the historical revolution and the Iran-Iraq-war which lasted for 15 years. Field works were carried out focusing on the functions as well as evaluation of the large scale Irrigation Projects using rivers in the Provinces of Esfahanm, Fars and Khuzestan. The main discussin are as follows ; (1) Countermeasures to sustain dune fixation and wind shelt … More er, (2) Establishment of irrigation method to save water, (3) Monitoring method using the satelite MSS data analysis, (4) Monitoring system of the salinization of river and groundwater, (5) Meteorological analysis for the arid lands distributed in the high latitude zones, and (6) Economic analysis of agroforestry for rural planning.In 1996, field works were carried out in three kind of regions as follows ; the semi-arid areas close to Niamey city in Niger, the cities of Accra, Kumasi and Tamale distributed in Ghana and the Perkerra irrigation sheme of National Irrigation Board close to Marigat district in Kenya, under the dry sub-humid conditions. The main discussions are as follows ; (1) The factors for desertification is analyzed by using the natural and social environments collected in the Saharian zone of East and West Africa, (2) The desertification is monitered by using the satelite MSS data, and (3) Small scale irrigation scheduling for sustainable agriculture is discussed by analyzing the factors of meteorological data The mechanism of salinization is investigated by reviewing on the existing rules for soil and water managements too. Less

该研究旨在分析灌溉引起的荒漠化因素，并为可持续农业提出新的灌溉准则。实地工作于 1995 年在亚洲的中国和伊朗进行，并于 1996 年在非洲的尼日尔、加纳和肯尼亚进行。在内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯高原南部的毛乌素沙莫研究中心，废弃排灌新技术，发展可持续灌溉农林田利用有限的地下水可经济地开发用作灌溉用水，伊朗在经历历史革命和历时15年的两伊战争后开展了灌溉农业。重点讨论了伊斯法罕省、法尔斯省和胡齐斯坦省大型河流灌溉工程的功能和评价，主要讨论如下：（1）维持对策。沙丘固定和风棚……更多呃，（2）建立节水灌溉方法，（3）卫星MSS数据分析监测方法，（4）河流和地下水盐碱化监测系统，（5）气象分析(6)农村规划农林业经济分析。1996年，在以下三类地区进行了实地调查：尼日尔尼亚美市附近的半干旱地区、加纳的阿克拉、库马西和塔马利市以及肯尼亚马里加特地区附近的国家灌溉局佩克拉灌溉方案在干旱半湿润条件下的主要讨论是。 (1)利用东非和西非撒哈拉地区的自然和社会环境数据进行荒漠化影响因素分析，(2)利用卫星MSS进行荒漠化监测。 (3)通过分析气象数据的影响因素，讨论了可持续农业的小规模灌溉调度。通过回顾现有的水土管理规则，研究了盐碱化的机理。