Advanced Materials for Novel Energy Storage Technologies Beyond Lithium-Ion Batteries

用于锂离子电池之外的新型储能技术的先进材料

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-06725
• 负责人: Wang, Xiaolei
• 金额: $ 3.21万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=752847
• 关键词: Advanced; Materials; Novel; Energy; Storage

New rechargeable battery technologies play an important role in replacing lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) towards next-generation electronics, electric vehicles and grid energy storage applications. They address the challenges of (i) energy density, that of LIBs has already reached the limit; (ii) the cost, that of LIBs is steadily increasing due to the uneven distribution of Li resources; and (iii) the safety, where LIBs suffer from fire risks arising from the flammable organic solvents in electrolyte. Therefore, the LONG-TERM OBJECTIVE of my research is to develop new rechargeable battery technologies beyond conventional LIBs, including Li-S, Na/Mg/Al-ion, and aqueous Zn-ion batteries. Li-S chemistry enables an extremely high theoretical energy (2,600 vs. 440 W h kg-1 of LIBs), while utilizing other alkaline ions such as Na+, Mg2+, and Al3+ can effectively mitigates Li shortage due to their high abundance. Aqueous batteries utilizing low-cost and safe water-based electrolytes are also promising alternatives. Particularly, Zn2+ based batteries are advantageous owing to the stability in water, low cost, and low redox potential providing high energy. Advanced electrode energy material is critical to improve the electrochemical performance in terms of specific capacity, cyclability, and rate capability. Hence, the SHORT-TERM OBJECTIVES (next 5 years) of this research are: (i) to design and develop novel nanoarchitectured energy materials with desired morphologies and structures; (ii) to study and analyze electrochemical behaviors of these materials for Li-S, Na/Mg/Al-ion, and aqueous Zn-ion batteries; (iii) to understand electrochemical insertion/de-insertion mechanisms of these materials at the molecular level, and to correlate the electrochemical performance with the materials' microstructures and nanoarchitectures. Research will focus on building microstructures which favor ions/electrons transfer, charge separation, redox reactions especially occurring within the electrode or at the interface of electrode and electrolyte. Special focus will be given to understand electrochemical behaviors by correlating the performance with materials properties. This research program will provide top-leveled HQP training in broad areas spanning materials science, nanotechnology and clean energy technologies. The execution of this research will create many opportunities for global collaborations with researchers, industrial partners and investors. The success of this research program will not only benefit related industries such as battery, electronics, automobile, and manufacturing, but also create both short- and long-term jobs, which positions Canada as a leader in the rapidly growing markets. The realization of these battery technologies will reduce greenhouse gas emission, providing significant social and environmental benefits to all Canadians.

新的可充电电池技术在取代锂离子电池（LIB）以实现下一代电子、电动汽车和电网储能应用方面发挥着重要作用。 他们解决了以下挑战：（i）能量密度，锂离子电池的能量密度已经达到极限； (ii) 由于锂资源分布不均，锂离子电池的成本正在稳步上升； (iii) 安全性，锂离子电池因电解液中的易燃有机溶剂而存在火灾风险。 因此，我研究的长期目标是开发传统锂离子电池之外的新型可充电电池技术，包括锂硫电池、钠/镁/铝离子电池和水系锌离子电池。 Li-S化学能够实现极高的理论能量（LIB的能量为2,600 vs. 440 W h kg-1），同时利用其他碱性离子（例如Na+、Mg2+和Al3+）可以有效缓解由于其高丰度而导致的Li短缺。 使用低成本且安全的水基电解质的水电池也是有前途的替代品。 特别是，Zn2+基电池由于在水中的稳定性、低成本和提供高能量的低氧化还原电位而具有优势。 先进的电极能源材料对于提高比容量、循环性能和倍率性能等电化学性能至关重要。 因此，这项研究的短期目标（未来5年）是：（i）设计和开发具有所需形态和结构的新型纳米结构能源材料； (ii) 研究和分析这些材料在 Li-S、Na/Mg/Al 离子和水系锌离子电池中的电化学行为； （iii）在分子水平上了解这些材料的电化学插入/脱嵌机制，并将电化学性能与材料的微观结构和纳米结构联系起来。 研究将集中于构建有利于离子/电子转移、电荷分离、氧化还原反应（尤其是发生在电极内或电极与电解质界面处）的微观结构。 将特别关注通过将性能与材料特性相关联来了解电化学行为。 该研究计划将在材料科学、纳米技术和清洁能源技术等广泛领域提供顶级 HQP 培训。 这项研究的执行将为研究人员、工业合作伙伴和投资者的全球合作创造许多机会。 该研究项目的成功不仅将使电池、电子、汽车和制造业等相关行业受益，还将创造短期和长期就业机会，使加拿大成为快速增长市场的领导者。 这些电池技术的实现将减少温室气体排放，为所有加拿大人带来显着的社会和环境效益。