Phase Transformations and Physical Properties of New Materials - An Approach using New Techniques -

新材料的相变和物理性质 - 使用新技术的方法 -

基本信息

批准号：
04302053
负责人：
OTSUKA Kazuhiro
金额：
$ 6.85万
依托单位：
University of Tsukuba
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1992 至 1993
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In this project, we studied various phase transformations by using new approach, by aiming the creation of new materials. The new approach has two aspects ; the first is new ideas and the second is the utilization of new experimental techniques. In practice, the project was divided into 6 groups in the following, and close co-operation was held between the groups. (1) Phase transformation (PT) and physical properties (PP) in intermetallics, (2) PT and PP in ceramics, (3) PT and PP in shape memory alloys, (4) Structure and PT in quasicrystals and amorphous materials, (5) First order PT study by synchrotron radiations, and (6) PT studies by computer simulations. The results of these studies were intensively discussed at Nagasaki (Dec. 11-13, 1992) and at Ishikawa (Jan. 6-8, 1994).Through these intensive discussions, many symptoms appeared for the new development of phase transformation studies. For example, a statistical mechanical approach which unifies the athermal and the isothermal martensitic transformations, the observation of incubation period in the athermal transformation, for which the incubation period was belived to be absent, the clarification of the relation between a quasicrystal and a nearcrystal, PT under high pressure, the structure determination of a new type "Zeolite" and PP (observation of ferromagnetisim in K trapped in the cages), and quite successful application of synchrotron radiation and high resolution electron microscopy, etc. The above are only a few among many useful results, which are published as a report for the present projext. I beleved these results make great contribution to the further development of phase transformation studies.

在这个项目中，我们通过使用新方法研究各种相变，旨在创造新材料。新方法有两个方面；一是新思路，二是新实验技术的运用。实践中，该项目分为以下6个小组，各小组之间密切合作。 (1) 金属间化合物中的相变 (PT) 和物理性能 (PP)，(2) 陶瓷中的 PT 和 PP，(3) 形状记忆合金中的 PT 和 PP，(4) 准晶和非晶材料中的结构和 PT，( 5) 通过同步加速器辐射进行一阶 PT 研究，以及 (6) 通过计算机模拟进行 PT 研究。这些研究的结果在长崎（1992年12月11-13日）和石川（1994年1月6-8日）进行了深入的讨论。通过这些深入的讨论，相变研究的新发展出现了许多症状。例如，统一非热和等温马氏体转变的统计力学方法、非热转变中潜伏期的观察（被认为不存在潜伏期）、准晶与近晶之间关系的澄清，高压PT，新型“沸石”和PP的结构测定（观察笼中捕获的K的铁磁性），并相当成功的应用以上只是许多有用结果中的一小部分，这些结果作为本项目的报告发表。我相信这些成果将为相变研究的进一步发展做出巨大贡献。