Restoration and preservation of Urban Estuarine Ecosystems

城市河口生态系统的恢复和保护

• 批准号: 04044186
• 负责人: KURIHARA Yasushi
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: OHU UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Overseas Scientific Survey.
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1992 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04044186/
• 关键词: Urban Estuary; Ecosystem Restoration; Global Monitoring; Migratory Waders; Dunlin; Heavy Metal; Mangrove Area; Aquaculture Pond

The aim of this study was to assess the degree of environmental deterioration in urban estuaries of Japan, Australia and Europe, to facilitate the study of causal factors involved and to propose methods of rehabilitation through exchange of researchers and information between Japan and these countries. Another aim was to investigate the feasibility of establishing a monitoring system of migratory waders as a means of environmental diagnosis of urban estuaries on a global scale.1. The studies of estuaries of the Elbe, Moreton Bay and Sendai Bay have revealed causal factors of environmental deterioration in the urban estuaries : (1) Elbe estuary - Pollution by heavy metal, especially mercury, is conspicuous. This may be largely due to ineffectual control of discharge of pollutants by the German Democratic Republic in the past. (2) Moreton Bay - Groyne and channel constructions have reduced mangrove areas and sea grass area remarkably and changed species composition of resident fish fauna … More s. (3) Sendai bay (Gamo estuary) - Groyne built as part of the harbor construction have modified hydraulic regimes in Sendai Bay, modifying tidal flat composition. Blockade of river mouth by reduction in the river flow and movement of sands and effluent from aquaculture ponds caused eutrophication and oxygen deficiency. For the restoration techniques, a water gate to control the water discharge and the tidal flow was constructed for maintaining the healthy estuarine environment and it is now operating.2. Further feasibility study of establishing a network of monitoring stations for the migratory waders was conducted. An additional indicator species, the dunlin, was found to be useful for assessing the value of local habitat for wintering and migratory waders. Criteria for the selection of monitoring sites included the importance of a particular estuarine area as a staging site and facilities for volunteer participation. At the present, the Asian Wetland Bureau should be the center for the monitoring network in the Asia-Pacific region. Governmental and international NGO support would be required to operate a successful network of monitoring station. Less

本研究的目的是评估日本、澳大利亚和欧洲城市河口的环境恶化程度，促进相关因果因素的研究，并通过日本与这些国家之间的研究人员和信息交流来提出恢复方法。目的是探讨建立迁徙涉禽监测系统作为全球范围内城市河口环境诊断手段的可行性。1．对易北河、莫顿湾和仙台湾河口的研究揭示了环境的成因。城市河口的恶化： (1) 易北河河口 - 重金属污染，特别是汞污染很明显，这可能主要是由于德意志民主共和国过去对污染物排放控制不力所致。 (2) 莫顿湾 - 。防波堤和河道建设异常减少了红树林面积和海草面积，并改变了当地鱼类动物群的物种组成…… 更多 s. 仙台湾（蒲茂河口） - 防波堤作为港口建设的一部分，仙台湾的水力状况发生了变化，通过减少河水流量以及水产养殖池塘中沙子和污水的移动，改变了河口的封锁，从而实现了富营养化和缺氧。为维持健康的河口环境，建造了控制泄水和潮汐的水闸，现已投入运行。 2．进一步研究建立迁徙涉禽监测站网络。研究发现，另一种指示物种黑滨鹬有助于评估当地越冬和迁徙涉禽的栖息地的价值。目前，亚洲湿地局应该是亚太地区监测网络的中心，需要政府和国际非政府组织的支持来运作一个成功的监测站网络。