Collaborative Research: LTREB Renewal - River ecosystem responses to floodplain restoration

合作研究：LTREB 更新 - 河流生态系统对洪泛区恢复的响应

• 批准号: 2324879
• 负责人: Juliana D'Andrilli
• 金额: $ 14.3万
• 依托单位: Louisiana Universities Marine Corsortium
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-10-01 至 2028-09-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2324879&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; LTREB; Renewal; River

Floodplains are the areas alongside rivers that are affected by water movement. Floodplains provide many important benefits to people, yet they are also susceptible to changes such as flooding, pollution, and other disturbances. Understanding the effects of long-term changes in river ecosystems affected by metal pollution is extremely important. This project studies changes over ten years in the Upper Clark Fork River in Montana following a large project that restored vegetation and removed contaminated soil after damage from extensive mining in the river’s headwaters. Changes in land use and wastewater treatment are also altering nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations along the river. Since 2013, nearly 17 km of river has been restored and three core data sets have been collected, which were initiated decades before the restoration. The long-term measurements and the spatial scale of the study provides an opportunity to observe the ecological processes involved in restoration practices. Several undergraduate and graduate students are educated as part of this project, data are made available to the public, and results are shared with many stakeholders in this river system through the Clark Fork Science Forum.The study system of the Upper Clark Fork River in Montana, has several unique qualities that enable this project to make significant scientific advances. First, the system has received high inputs of metals that have since ceased. This enables investigation of the ecosystem dynamics over time in response to this cessation. Second, the investigators have closely observed ecological and biogeochemical responses over decadal timescales, which is the appropriate timeframe to study the types of slow processes involved in river ecosystem recovery. The project generates core data sets including: 1) influences on organic matter and sediment metals, 2) changes in upstream-downstream gradients in sediment metals, 3) metabolic responses to floodplain reconnection in restored reaches during the spring flood pulse vs. summer baseflow, 4) changes in metal bioavailability caused by interaction with dissolved organic matter, and 5) measurements of nitrogen, phosphorus, and dissolved organic carbon in restored and unrestored parts of the river. Ultimately, this project investigates river ecosystem responses over large spatial (200 km) and temporal ( decadal) scales.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

洪泛区是受水流动影响的河流旁边的区域。洪泛区为人们提供了许多重要的好处，但它们也容易受到洪水，污染和其他灾难等变化的影响。了解受金属污染影响的河流生态系统中长期变化的影响非常重要。该项目研究在蒙大拿州的上克拉克河河上有十多年的变化，此前一个大型项目恢复了蔬菜，并在河上游河水的大规模采矿后损坏了污染的土壤。土地使用和废水处理的变化也正在改变河流沿氮和磷浓度。自2013年以来，已经恢复了近17公里的河流，并收集了三个核心数据集，这些数据集是在修复之前数十年开始的。长期测量和研究的空间量表为观察恢复实践所涉及的生态过程提供了机会。作为该项目的一部分，对几个本科生和研究生进行了教育，数据可向公众提供，并通过克拉克福克科学论坛与该河系统中的许多利益相关者共享结果。首先，该系统收到了自那以后停止的金属投入。这使得随着时间的流逝，生态系统动态的投资响应这种停止。其次，研究人员密切观察到衰老的时间表上的生态和生物地球化学反应，这是研究河流生态系统恢复涉及的缓慢过程类型的适当时间范围。该项目生成核心数据集，包括：1）对有机物质和沉积物金属的影响，2）在春季洪水脉冲vs.夏季底流中，沉积物金属中上游下游梯度的变化对洪泛平面重新连接的代谢反应，4）4）与分解有机物的分解量和5）有机物相互作用的金属生物可利用性的变化，以及5）有机物的量表，以及5）有机物的量表，并散发出5）有机物的量。碳在河的恢复和未修复的部分中。最终，该项目调查了河流生态系统对大空间（200公里）和临时（十年）尺度的反应。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准来评估，被认为是宝贵的支持。