Research on the Integrated System of Rain fed Rice Cultivation Area in South Asia from the View Point of Environmental Planning

环境规划视角下的南亚雨养水稻种植区综合体系研究

基本信息

批准号：
02041015
负责人：
TOMITA Masahiko
金额：
$ 1.6万
依托单位：
Utsunomiya University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The main purpose of this research is to get a new concept in development planning for the environment, based on the analysis of actual changes of environmental structure which is caused by development process. Recently irrigated rainfed paddy cultivation villages were selected to be case study for typical range of rapid change of steady regional ecosystem due to development impact as following ;(1) structure of regional ecosystem, especially mutual relationship within the structure of natural, industrial and living systems,(2) structural changes of regional ecosystem due to irrigation development, and accompanying with the break of coherence within elements of systems,(3) dissolution process of the above break of coherence.These relationships were survived together with specifications and functions of the introduced irrigation facilities.The first survey was implemented in 1987 for (1), (2) by mean of interview, collection of materials/samples of crop/ soil, and partially for (3) to se … More t up continuous observation system for the study hamlets. The second survey was implemented in 1989 mainly for (3) at continuous observed hamlets of "Egaperumalur Eri" in Arantangi, Tamil-Nadu India and "Gaun Mohana" in Citwan Nepal. Both surveys were executed in cooperation with Coimbatole Agricultural college and Institute of Agricultural & Animal science of Tribhuvan university, respectively. And the two-years period from 1988 to 1990 were spent on analysis and integration the collected data. Professor K. N. Pyakuryal and Professor B. Pokharel of Nepal were invited to Japan for joining this integrated discussions.Principle results of research are as follows ;(a) Operation practices and performances of both irrigation systems of Grand Anichat Canal (Egaperumalur Eri) and Panchacania Project (Gaun Mohana) are made clear, based on actual water use.(b) Farmer's farming conditions including used crop varieties and fertilizers of both hamlets are made clear for either before or after the irrigation development. Principle changes had been happened on cropping system and variety.(c) Farmer's living conditions including annual consumption and loan of both hamlets are made clear for both before and after irrigation development. Increasing of loan was found for many farmers due to performance down of newly introduced varieties after irrigation development since they could not renew the seeds annually.(d) As for conclusion, irrigation development should be accompanied with appropriate in-service training for the farmers concerning with their new way of farming and living after irrigation system are established. Less

本研究的主要目的是在分析发展过程中造成的环境结构实际变化的基础上，选取近期水浇水稻种植村作为典型案例进行研究，从而得出环境发展规划的新理念。由于发展影响而导致的稳定区域生态系统的快速变化范围如下：（1）区域生态系统结构，特别是自然、产业和生活系统结构中的相互关系；（2）灌溉开发导致的区域生态系统结构变化；并伴随着元素内部连贯性的破坏这些关系与引入的灌溉设施的规格和功能一起保存下来。第一次调查于1987年通过访谈的方式针对（1）、（2）进行了，收集农作物/土壤的材料/样本，部分用于 (3) 为研究村庄建立连续观测系统第二次调查于 1989 年实施，主要针对 (3) 在连续观察的村庄。印度泰米尔纳德邦阿兰唐伊的“Egaperumalur Eri”和尼泊尔奇特万的“Gaun Mohana”调查分别是与哥印巴托农业学院和特里布万大学农业与动物科学研究所合作进行的，为期两年。 1988年至1990年，邀请尼泊尔的K. N. Pyakuryal教授和B. Pokharel教授对收集到的数据进行分析和整合。日本同意加入这一综合讨论。研究的主要结果如下；(a) 根据实际用水情况，明确了大阿尼查特运河 (Egaperumalur Eri) 和潘查卡尼亚项目 (Gaun Mohana) 灌溉系统的运行实践和绩效(b) 明确了灌溉系统和品种发生原理变化之前或之后两个村使用的作物品种和肥料等农户耕作条件。(c)两个村的农民生活状况，包括灌溉开发前后的年消费和贷款情况都一目了然，许多农民发现，由于灌溉开发后新引进品种的性能下降，他们无法每年更新种子，因此贷款增加。 (d) 就结论而言，灌溉系统的发展应伴随着对农民进行适当的在职培训，以了解他们在灌溉系统建立后的新耕作和生活方式。