Chimpanzee's language-like skill having a two-level structure comparable to the duality in human language.

黑猩猩的类语言技能具有与人类语言的二元性相当的两级结构。

基本信息

批准号：
63510057
负责人：
MATSUZAWA Tetsuro
金额：
$ 0.96万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1988
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1988 至 1989
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Cognitive function in chimpanzees was discussed, referring to studies on language-like skills mastered by chimpanzees. Ai, a female chimpanzee, served as the main subject in the present study. When the project started in April. 1978, her age was estimated to be about 1.5 years. A computer-controlled console terminal was used in the experiments. 'Words' were represented by visual symbols such as geometric figures or Arabic numerals. Some of them could be disassembled into nine fundamental figures called 'graphemes'. Each symbol and each grapheme were drawn on a key and would appear in various positions on a maximal l5x7 key matrix on the console. The chimpanzee learned to name various objects. 11 colors. and the numbers from one to six. Ai favored two sequences (Object/Color/Number and Color/Object/Number) in particular when naming the three attributes of a referent, for example, "five red pencils". The favored sequences continued to be used when naming new items. The chimpanzee also learned to construct the 'words' by assembling their corresponding graphemes. These results show the chimpanzee's language -like skill as having a two-level structure comparable to the duality in human language. Some of the experiments were carried out without direct food reward. The cognitive abilities of chimpanzees and humans can be studied using the same apparatus and following the same procedures. Although there was no fundamental difference between the two species in visual sensation and perception. a difference was found among the higher cognitive functions such as the acquisition of self-embedding rules. The differences found between the two species was discussed in terms of the depth of hierarchical structure in cognitive function.

讨论了黑猩猩中的认知功能，指的是关于黑猩猩掌握的类似语言技能的研究。 AI是一名女性黑猩猩，在本研究中是主要主题。当项目于4月开始时。 1978年，她的年龄估计约为1.5岁。实验中使用了计算机控制的控制台终端。 “单词”由视觉符号（例如几何图形或阿拉伯数字）表示。其中一些可以被分解为九个称为“素描”的基本数字。每个符号和每个谱系都绘制在钥匙上，并将出现在控制台上最大L5X7键矩阵上的各个位置。黑猩猩学会了命名各种对象。 11种颜色。和一到六个数字。当命名引用的三个属性时，AI特别偏爱两个序列（对象/颜色/颜色/颜色/对象/数字），例如“五个红色铅笔”。命名新项目时，继续使用了偏爱的序列。黑猩猩还学会了通过组装相应的素描来构建“单词”。这些结果表明，黑猩猩的语言类似于具有与人类语言二元性相当的两级结构。一些实验是在没有直接食物奖励的情况下进行的。可以使用相同的设备并遵循相同的程序来研究黑猩猩和人类的认知能力。尽管在视觉感觉和感知下这两个物种之间没有根本的差异。在较高的认知功能中发现了差异，例如获取自我安装规则。根据认知功能的层次结构深度讨论了这两个物种之间的差异。