Comparative studies of the structure and development of vegetative and floral meristems in seed plants

种子植物营养和花分生组织结构和发育的比较研究

• 批准号: 121550-2011
• 负责人: Lacroix, Christian
• 金额: $ 2.91万
• 依托单位: University of Prince Edward Island
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=630411
• 关键词: Comparative; studies; structure; development; vegetative

The use of comparative developmental studies continues to yield important new data because morphological concepts are basic to disciplines such as systematics, physiology, developmental, and molecular biology. These studies also play a complementary role in our understanding of the molecular aspects of plant development by linking observable developmental processes with the activity of specific genes. The proposed approach to plant development, ranging from the molecular level to the whole organ, provides a more comprehensive basis for understanding the evolution and diversity of morphological forms. This program of research has 3 themes: 1- Leaves as partial shoots: Comparisons between early stages of development of a shoot system and compound or complex leaves support to idea that leaves exhibit partial shoot features. Proposed projects include: i) a comparative study of aerial and submerged dissected simple leaves of Water Milfoil complemented with the use of a technique known as in situ hybridization to probe for the activity of genes involved in maintaining an indeterminate state of growth in shoots; ii) the continuation of a comparative study of species with leaves that have multiple levels of branching.2- Floral organ identity in Araceae: Some Aroids have inflorescences characterized by a zone of bisexual flowers between unisexual male (top) and female (bottom) zones. These bisexual flowers represent a unique case where some female organs are replaced by male organs on 1 whorl. Projects include: i) determining the relationships that characterize the substitution of one type of floral organ by another; ii) probing for the activity of floral organ identity genes during early development for comparison with model species.3- Variations in phyllotaxy during development: This project will capture and characterize discontinuous transitions in leaf arrangement in seedlings of Eastern White Cedar in 'real time' as a further step toward understanding the mechanisms involved in these transitions. A tissue culture technique will be developed to look at development in 'real time'.

比较发育研究的使用不断产生重要的新数据，因为形态学概念是系统学、生理学、发育和分子生物学等学科的基础。这些研究还通过将可观察的发育过程与特定基因的活性联系起来，在我们理解植物发育的分子方面发挥了补充作用。所提出的植物发育方法，从分子水平到整个器官，为理解形态形式的进化和多样性提供了更全面的基础。该研究计划有 3 个主题： 1- 作为部分枝条的叶子：枝条系统发育的早期阶段与复合或复杂叶子之间的比较支持叶子表现出部分枝条特征的观点。拟议的项目包括： i) 对空中和水下解剖的水荠菜简单叶子进行比较研究，并辅之以使用原位杂交技术来探测参与维持芽中不确定生长状态的基因的活性； ii) 继续对具有多级分枝的叶子的物种进行比较研究。2- 天南星科植物的花器官特性：一些天南星科植物的花序特征是在单性雄性（顶部）和雌性（底部）区域之间有一个双性花区域。这些两性花代表了一种独特的情况，其中一些雌性器官在一个轮生上被雄性器官取代。项目包括： i) 确定一种花器官被另一种花器官替代的关系； ii) 探索早期发育过程中花器官特征基因的活性，以便与模型物种进行比较。3- 发育过程中叶序的变化：该项目将“实时”捕获并表征东部白雪松幼苗叶片排列的不连续转变作为理解这些转变所涉及的机制的进一步步骤。将开发一种组织培养技术来“实时”观察发育情况。