Dynamics of the Ocean Biosystem

海洋生物系统动力学

基本信息

批准号：
12NP0201
负责人：
TSUKAMOTO Katsumi
金额：
$ 449.28万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Creative Scientific Research
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Primary results of the 5-year research activities are as follows.[Team Roundup]Based on the marine organisms, a new understanding of life which is different from the previous one obtained for tentstial lives was discussed by comparing physico-chemical characteristics and life histories between the sea and land.[Team Evolution]Comprehensive phylogenetic relationships of teleost fishes were resolved on the basis of unprecedentedly huge data sets of complete mitochondrial genome sequences from more than 700 species representing major groups of fishes. Evolutionary processes of five major groups of deep-sea chemosynthesis-based communities were elucidated through ecological and molecular phylogenetic analyses.[Team Adaptation]Physiological studies showed that atrial natriuretic peptide is a new hormone that plays a key role in seawater adaptation in eels. A number of genes that are intimately related to population dynamics were identified in the rotifer, and parallel changes in their expre … More ssion were demonstrated using newly-developed assay. A novel protein that is involved in shell formation was identified in the pearl oyster, and its sites of expression were localized in the shell.[Team Linkage]Through a series of investigation on pigment composition of phytoplankton, fine structures of zooplankton and group-specific production rates of bacteria, the diversity-function relationships were clarified.[Team Fluctuation]In order to know the dynamic mechanism controlling the size distribution of marine living and non-living particles, new high-resolution analytical methods were introduced. Vertical distribution of living and non-living particles was determined and their formation mechanism was found. Large population fluctuations of living marine resources experienced in the high latitudinal waters have been found to stem from large year-to-year variations of recruitment owing to variable early life history parameters. Marine pollutions by anthropogenic chemicals have been found to damage physiological and reproductive functions of diverse marine animals, and the surveilance system of the pollutions should be essentially important.Populations of living marine resources are characterized by uncertainty, complexity, and unsteadiness, which requires management theory other than MSY such as adaptive management approach for sustainable use ofthe resources. Less

历时5年的研究活动主要成果如下。【团队综述】以海洋生物为基础，通过比较理化特性和生命史，探讨了不同于以往对帐篷生命的新认识。 [团队进化]基于代表主要鱼类类群的 700 多个物种的完整线粒体基因组序列的前所未有的庞大数据集，解决了硬骨鱼的全面系统发育关系。通过生态和分子系统发育分析，阐明了深海化学合成群落的五个主要类群的进化过程。[团队适应]生理研究表明，心房钠尿肽是一种新的激素，在鳗鱼A的海水适应中发挥着关键作用。在轮虫中发现了许多与种群动态密切相关的基因，并且使用新开发的检测方法证明了它们表达的平行变化。 [团队联动]通过对浮游植物的色素组成、浮游动物的精细结构以及细菌群特异性生产率的一系列研究， [团队波动]为了了解控制海洋生物和非生物颗粒粒径分布的动力机制，引入了新的高分辨率分析方法。确定了非生命颗粒并发现了它们的形成机制，发现高纬度水域中海洋生物资源的巨大种群波动是由于海洋生物早期生命史参数的变化而造成的每年的巨大变化。人为化学物质污染已被发现会损害多种海洋动物的生理和生殖功能，污染的监测系统至关重要。海洋生物资源种群具有不确定性、复杂性和不稳定的特点，需要其他管理理论比 MSY 等可持续利用资源的适应性管理方法要少。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（1374）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Development of the Digestive System and Metamorphosis Relating Hormones in Spotted Halibut Larvae and Early Juveniles.

DOI：
10.2331/suisan.67.40
发表时间：
2001
期刊：
Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi
影响因子：
0.4
作者：
Yuji Hotta;M. Aritaki;K. Ohta;M. Tagawa;Masaru Tanaka
通讯作者：
Yuji Hotta;M. Aritaki;K. Ohta;M. Tagawa;Masaru Tanaka

Molecular cloning and expression of an otolith matrix protein cDNA from the rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.

DOI：
10.1016/s0305-0491(00)00223-6
发表时间：
2000-08
期刊：
Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part B, Biochemistry & molecular biology
影响因子：
0
作者：
E. Murayama;A. Okuno;T. Ohira;Y. Takagi;H. Nagasawa
通讯作者：
E. Murayama;A. Okuno;T. Ohira;Y. Takagi;H. Nagasawa

Iguchi, Kei'ichiro: "Genetic structure of land-locked ayu within the Biwa Lake system"Fisheries Science. 68. 138-143 (2002)

井口敬一郎：“琵琶湖系统内陆香鱼的遗传结构”渔业科学。