The Roman new town of Berytus. Archaeology of a Roman colonia in the Levant

罗马新城贝里图斯。

• 批准号: 499369533
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Winfried Held
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Archäologisches Seminar
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/499369533?language=en
• 关键词: Roman; new; town; Berytus.; Archaeology

Berytus is one of the old Phoenician cities. In the late Hellenistic period it was influenced by the neighbouring small kingdoms of the Ituraeans and of Iudaea, which became Roman client kingdoms after the conquest by Pompey in 64 BC. In 15 BC, Berytus enhanced the status of a Roman colonia, where veterans of two Roman legions settled down. Its territory included the Bekaa valley which until 24 BC has been ruled by the Ituraeans. In more than one respect, Berytus was an exceptional colonia: It initially was the only colonia in the Roman East, it had a huge territory, and it was the singular case of a colonia founded within an existing city. In the focus of the project are the cultural processes going along with the foundation of the colonia, especially the material culture of the old and new inhabitants of Berytus, their respective delimitation or assimilation, and the influence of the neighbouring client kingdoms. For the following centuries of the Roman Imperial period, the question of the continuation of this special status of Berytus will be in the centre of the research; indications therefore are the preferred use of the Latin language and the Berytus law school.In order to answer these questions, the Roman new town of Berytus that was erected with the foundation of the colonia will be investigated. The project has access to the entire archive of the BCD Archaeology Project. It comprises a large part of the rescue excavations performed since 1993 in the city centre of Beirut that have revealed more than half of the ancient city. The planned work concentrates on the Wadi Abu Jmil quarter, the western part of ancient Berytus, where the theatre, the hippodrome, a Roman bath, and houses have been excavated. The results of the preceding project point to a hitherto unknown Augustan phase of the hippodrome that shows a close connection to the hippodrome of Caesarea Maritima and a Herodian engagement in the newly founded colonia. In the project, the study of the structures in this quarter will be concluded and published. In addition, selected types of finds will be studied, among them the lamps, the lead figurines, and the mosaics.The project is based on the Lebanese-German collaboration between the American University of Beirut and Philipps-Universität Marburg.

贝里图斯是古老的腓尼基城市之一，在希腊化时代晚期，它受到邻近的伊图拉和尤迪亚小王国的影响，这些小王国在公元前 15 年被庞培征服后成为罗马王国的附庸。罗马殖民地的地位，两个罗马军团的退伍军人在此定居，其领土包括贝卡谷地，直到公元前 24 年一直由伊图拉人统治。从一方面来说，贝里图斯是一个特殊的殖民地：它最初是罗马东部唯一的殖民地，拥有广阔的领土，并且是在现有城市内建立的殖民地的独特案例。伴随着殖民地的建立而进行的文化进程，特别是贝里图斯的新老居民的物质文化，他们各自的划分或同化，以及在罗马帝国时期接下来的几个世纪中邻近附庸国的影响。的问题贝里图斯这种特殊地位的延续将成为研究的中心；因此，迹象表明拉丁语和贝里图斯法学院的优先使用。该项目将访问 BCD 考古项目的全部档案，其中包括自 1993 年以来在贝鲁特市中心进行的救援挖掘工作的大部分内容，这些挖掘工作揭示了更多信息。计划的工作集中在古贝里图斯西部的瓦迪·阿布·杰米尔区，那里有剧院、竞技场、罗马浴室和房屋。上述项目的结果表明。迄今为止未知的奥古斯都阶段的竞技场，显示了与凯撒利亚马里蒂玛竞技场的密切联系以及希律时代对新建立的殖民地的参与。在该项目中，本季度的结构研究将是。此外，还将研究选定类型的发现，其中包括灯、铅雕像和马赛克。该项目基于贝鲁特美国大学和菲利普斯马尔堡大学之间的黎巴嫩-德国合作。