A Statistical Analysis of Household Composition and Socio-Economic Behavior : Micro Data Approach

家庭构成和社会经济行为的统计分析：微观数据方法

基本信息

批准号：
08209125
负责人：
TERASAKI Yasuhiro
金额：
$ 11.9万
依托单位：
SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08209125/
关键词：
Household Composition Micro Data Quasi-cohabitation Same Budget Parents Unit Income Disparity Social Accounting of Time Comprehensive Survey of Living Condition 同一家計成人夫婦単位時間の社会勘定個人活動勘定家事時間国民生活基礎調査

项目摘要

The concept of household used for the statistical survey as an operational concept needs to be revised to be operationally meaningful in this changing society.Especially where to live together and how to share the income anc expenditure under the traditional conciousness of familyhood among the members makes the household concept very fragile.The investigation has been carried out to show the actual situations of household composition. The use of more than two Government surveys is not always applicable for the comprehensive analysis of household behavior because the definition of household varies survey by survey. An extraordinary diversity of household composition and household soio-economic behavior is acknowledged in recent Japan. The parents and unmarried children which is regarded as an typical household is no more uniform in its economic conditions. The information on the age of household head and number of earning people has to be added. The survey which has information on each … More household members can be used to create new tabulations, income disparity among households is getting wider in recent Japan.The Finding using micro datasets of government, statistical survey are as follows ;(1) Approximately 24 percent of the households for parents living with their children in the same dwelling or in the same of housing are estimated to have independent budget.(2) About 30 percent of households for parents with quasi-cohabitation are the households of husband and wife only with job and earn an annual income of 6,160 thousand yen on the average, whereas about 40 percent of them are the households of husband and wife only without job and earn 3,020 thousand yen.(3) Average annual income of parent family is estimated as 4,330 thousand yen and that of children's family is 7,250 thousand yen for the cohabitated household. Thus the combined income for an household amounts to 11,580 thousand yen.(4) The combined incomes have an impact to reduce the income distribution for the whole households.The changing patterns of living among household member affect their time allocation due to their household composition. Using the government micro data sets for time budget data, the commuting and moving activity was analyzed in the frame of social accounting of time. Findings are as follows.(1) Moving activity occurs for about one third of the whole household and occurs more often on Saturday and Sunday. These of professional occuptions, technicians and administrators, move more frequently than the people with other occupations(2) The major purposes of moving activity are meal (15 percent), shopping (9.8 percent), and social association (8.6 percent)The activity of the household member, especially, housewives, are conditioned by the facilities provided by local anthorities, such as nursery, kindergarden etc. However, such facilities are restricted by local government budget. Thus, cost structure of social welfare need to be clarified on the municipal level. Examples are obtained from Osaka and Kobe Area, Keihanshin Area, the second big metropolitan area in Japan. Finding as follows.(1) The welfare related budget has the U shaped structure with respect to the population size from the data for 330 cities, town, and villages in Keihanshin Area.(2) The discrepancy between standard financial demand and the settlement is determined by the average size of household for each municipalities and tends to be larger between populated areas and unpopulated areas. Less

统计调查中使用的“家庭”概念作为一个操作性概念，在这个不断变化的社会中需要进行修改，以使其具有操作意义。特别是在传统的家庭意识下，家庭成员在哪里共同居住、如何分配收入和支出，使得家庭成员之间的关系变得更加重要。家庭概念非常脆弱。调查是为了显示家庭构成的实际情况，使用两次以上的政府调查并不总是适用于家庭行为的综合分析，因为家庭的定义因调查而异。家庭构成和家庭的极大多样性近来日本的社会经济行为已得到承认，作为典型家庭的父母和未婚子女的经济状况不再统一，必须补充有关户主年龄和收入人数的信息。其中包含每个家庭成员的信息，可用于创建新的表格，近年来日本家庭之间的收入差距越来越大。使用政府统计调查的微观数据集得出的结果如下；（1）大约 24% 的家庭父母家庭与子女住在同一住所或同一房屋的人估计有独立的预算。（2）准同居父母家庭中约30%是仅有工作、有年收入的夫妻家庭平均6,16万日元，其中大约40%是没有工作的夫妻家庭，收入为3,02万日元。 (3) 父母家庭的平均年收入估计为4,330千日元，同居家庭的子女家庭为7,25万日元，因此一个家庭的总收入为11,580千日元。 (4)总收入对整个家庭的收入分配有减少的影响。家庭成员生活模式的变化会影响他们的时间分配，因为他们的家庭构成使用政府微观数据集的时间预算数据，在社会框架下分析通勤和搬家活动。调查结果如下。 (1) 大约有三分之一的家庭会进行搬家活动，其中专业职业、技术人员和管理人员的搬家频率高于其他职业的人。（2）搬家活动的主要目的是吃饭（15%）、购物（9.8%）和社交（8.6%）。家庭成员尤其是家庭主妇的活动受到当地政府提供的设施的限制，然而，这些设施是由地方政府预算的，因此，社会福利的成本结构需要在受限制的市级层面上进行明确，以大阪和神户地区、京阪神地区、第二大都市为例。从日本京阪神地区 330 个市町村的数据来看，福利相关预算相对于人口规模呈现 U 型结构。标准金融需求和结算取决于每个教区的家庭平均规模以及人口稠密地区和无人居住地区之间较大的趋势。