Effects of Economic Cooperation On Income Distribution : A Statistical Approach

经济合作对收入分配的影响：统计方法

• 批准号: 06630022
• 负责人: TERASAKI Yasuhiro
• 金额: $ 0.83万
• 依托单位: SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1994 至 1995
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06630022/
• 关键词: International Cooperation; Income Distribution; International Migration of Labor; Direct Investment; Aid

Three types of economic cooperation, aid, direct investment and international migration of labor are investigated for their impact on income distribution. Findings are as follows ;(1) People in a country with low income tend to move for overseas work toward a country with higher income in neighhorhood. Japan has become a target country since the late 1980s.(2) Among Asian countries the Philippines, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh and Indonesia send a large amount of labor to outside countries. In particular the size of remittances amounts to 5 percent of GNP in Sri Lanka.(3) The remittances deteriorate the domestic income distribution in the Philippines.(4) One million of people are employed in the Japanese firms in Asia. Absolute number of workers is large in Thailand, Korea and Malaysia but the number of workers relative to the whole work force is largest in Singapore.(5) The number of jobs created by the Japanese firms is almost the same as the number of international migration in Asia.(6) The Japanese aid is given to the countries with lowest income to contribute to the reduction of income differential. Contrary to the world deterioration of income distribution, income inequality among Asian countries are improved in the 1980s, owing to rapid economic growth in this area.

研究了三种类型的经济合作、援助、直接投资和国际劳动力移民对收入分配的影响。研究结果如下：（1）低收入国家的人们倾向于前往邻近收入较高的国家进行海外工作。日本自20世纪80年代末开始成为目标国家。(2)亚洲国家中菲律宾、斯里兰卡、孟加拉国和印度尼西亚向国外输送了大量劳动力。特别是，斯里兰卡的汇款规模占国民生产总值的5%。(3) 汇款恶化了菲律宾的国内收入分配。(4) 100万人受雇于日本在亚洲的公司。泰国、韩国和马来西亚的工人绝对数量较多，但相对于整个劳动力的数量而言，新加坡的工人数量最多。 (5) 日本企业创造的就业机会几乎与国际移民数量相同(6)日本对收入最低国家的援助是为了缩小收入差距。与世界收入分配恶化相反，亚洲国家的收入不平等在20世纪80年代由于该地区经济的快速增长而有所改善。