The roles of biologists in bioethics debate and education

生物学家在生物伦理学辩论和教育中的作用

基本信息

批准号：
14572124
负责人：
MACER Darryl
金额：
$ 2.11万
依托单位：
University of Tsukuba
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Interviews and surveys with people in a range of occupations were conducted in Japan. Analysis methods for categorizing open comments were developed, and compared between written survey methods and face-to-face interviews. The results suggest that people from all areas of society can participate in debates about science with a range of viewpoints. There appear to be few demographic predictors of attitudes, e.g.for people to focus more on the benefits, risks or moral acceptability, of technology.A project to test the interest in different subjects for inclusion in a bioethics text book for schools began in the second year of the grant, based on discussions made with biology and social studies teachers in Japan and other countries, and bioethics experts in different countries. 20 case chapters for teaching bioethics were made, tested in classes, and are being revised. Topics included the following : Autonomy, Justice, Benefits versus risks, Animal rights?, Intrinsic and extrinsic ethical … More factors, Genetic testing and privacy, Trash and Treasure Activity on Testing for cancer gene susceptibility, AIDS Testing, The Heart Transplant, Ethics and Driving Cars, Ecotourism and ethics, Sustainable Development, Euthanasia, Telling the truth about terminal cancer, Genetic engineering and Food, Reproduction and Fertility, In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) Technology, Artificial insemination, Sperm, Egg and Embryo Donation, Surrogacy, Somatic Cell Gene Therapy, Germ-line gene therapy, Human cloning, Eugenics, SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome).As chapters are written, revised and edited, they will be tested by a network of teachers in different countries. Meetings of teachers and experts occurred in Tsukuba from 13-16 February 2004. Communication with teachers and coordinators in Australia, China, Korea, India, Japan, Mexico, Nepal, New Zealand, the Philippines, Poland, and Taiwan has been made. Some school and university teachers have conducted trials. The main products of the project are : 1)Materials for teaching bioethics ; 2)A textbook that could be used in school and university classes to teach about bioethical issues ; and 3)A network of teachers in different countries. We can measure the success of bioethics education in several ways. Some goals of bioethics identified from discussions with teachers include : 1)Increasing respect for life ; 2)Balancing benefits and risks of Science and Technology ; 3)Understanding better the diversity of views of different persons. We do not need to achieve all three goals to consider a class to be successful, and different teachers and schools put a different amount of emphasis on each goal. Less

在书面调查方法和面对面的访谈之间，与占领者的INGE进行的访谈和调查是为了分类opents的摄影作品。态度的态度，风险或道德自发能力的预测因素。急诊室和不同国家的生物伦理学专家正在修订：自治心脏移植，道德和驾驶汽车，生态旅游和道德，可持续发展，安乐死，讲述了关于晚期癌症工程和食物的真相，体外受精（IVF）技术，人工授精，精子，鸡蛋，鸡蛋，鸡蛋，鸡蛋捐赠，代孕，体细胞基因治疗，种系基因治疗，人类克隆，优生学（严重的急性呼吸综合征），修订和编辑，它们将由不同国家 /地区的教师网络进行测试。 Tsukuba于2004年2月13日至16日。与澳大利亚，韩国，韩国，日本，墨西哥，尼泊尔，新西兰，菲律宾，波兰和台湾的教师和协调员的沟通。该项目的主要产品是：1）在学校中使用的一本教科书，以教授生物伦理问题； 3）不同国家的教师网络。对生活的尊重；每个目标