Bioprospecting targeted for domestic higher plant resource in search of anti-microbial chemical leads

针对国内高等植物资源进行生物勘探，寻找抗菌化学先导化合物

基本信息

批准号：
15590022
负责人：
KINOSHITA Takeshi
金额：
$ 1.98万
依托单位：
Teikyo University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1.Collection of plant samples at Iriomote IslandMore than 200 specie of plant samples were collected in the field survey at Iriomote Island, Okinawa Prefecture. Those collected in the field were separated into parts for convenience in case of extraction as much as possible, and herbarium specimens of each plant species were also prepared. These works were undertaken at Iriomote Station, Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus.2.Identification of plant specimensDue to insufficient data available on plants of subtropical origin in domestic herbariums, some plant specimens were identified at Philippine National Herbarium, Manila, Philippines, in collaboration with Dr.Domingo M.Madulid. This overseas research revealed that the one previously identified as Adenophora affine was found to be Ecdysanthera utilis, a rare species in the flora of Japan. During the course of writing a scientific paper on chemical constituents of Caesalpinia crista L. (Nantenkazura), a search … More of literatures led to the finding of a paper that regarded C. crista L. as a synonym of Shirotsubu, a plant belonging to the same Caesalpinia species. Therefore, the author inspected specimens of Caesalpinia plants preserved at Philippine National Herbarium, and investigated their synonym-homonym relations. It was apparent from the results of this investigation carried out overseas that a name of C. crista L. given to Shirotsubu was mostly derived from erroneous identification of plant samples and to a lesser extent from homonym. The confused use of scientific names was also found in other Caesalpinia species, in particular, Shirotsubu and Hasunomikazura. Both species are often called C. bonduc in shortened forms, and thus cannot be distinguished from one to another unless the former name is written in full as C. bonduc (L.) Roxb. emend. Dandy et Exell and the latter as C. bonduc Roxb., non L.. This would be the reason that forces many of phytochemists to use improper names of Caesalpinia species mentioned above. It was also found that the identification of Shirotsubu and its allied Caesalpinia species should not be carried out from specimens without either flowers or fruits.3.Anti-microbial activity of plant samplesAll samples of the plant extract library that counts 2000 samples in total including those collected at Iriomote Island were subjected to anti-microbial assay against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillus niger. The results were that 124, 4, 28 and 24 samples exhibited significant activities against those microorganisms, respectively.4.Isolation and structure elucidation of anti-fungus principlesPricarps of Styrax obassia (Styracaceae) and Barks of Camelliaceous plant OK1588 furnished new constituents as potent anti-fungus principles by repeated chromatographic separations. Their structures were elucidated as oleanane-type acyl saponins on the spectroscopic basis.5.Isolation and structure elucidation of new constituents of phytochemical significanceBesides chemical research on plants directed toward isolation of anti-microbial seed chemicals, phytochemical research was also undertaken on plants for which lesser chemical information was available. Novel types of constituents of phytochemical significance were obtained from barks of Styrax obassia, leaves of Caesalpinia crista and fruits of Coriaria japonica, and their structures were elucidated spectroscopically. Less

1。在Iriomote Islandmore的植物样品收集了200多种植物样品，在冲绳县Iriomote Island的现场调查中收集了植物样品。在尽可能多地提取的情况下，将收集在田间收集的部分分为一部分，并且还准备了每种植物种类的植物标志物种。 These works were undertaken at Iriomote Station, Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus.2.Identification of plant specimensDue to insufficient data available on plants of subtropical origin in domestic herbariums, some plant specimens were identified at Philippine National Herbarium, Manila, Philippines, in collaboration with Dr.Domingo M.Madulid.这项海外研究表明，以前被鉴定为腺植物兴趣的研究是ecdysanthera utilis，这是日本植物群的稀有物种。在撰写有关Caesalpinia crista L.（Nantenkazura）化学构成的科学论文的过程中，搜索……更多的文献导致发现了一份论文，该论文认为C. crosta l.是Shirotsubu的同义词，这是一种属于同一凯撒皮细菌的植物。因此，作者检查了保存在菲律宾国家植物标本室中的凯撒皮亚植物的规格，并调查了他们的同义词关系。从海外进行的调查的结果可以明显看出，给Shirotsubu的C. crista L.的名称主要源自对植物样本的错误鉴定，并且从同质词中得出的程度较小。在其他凯撒比尼亚物种，尤其是Shirotsubu和Hasunomikazura中，也发现了科学名称的混乱使用。这两种物种通常都以缩短形式称为C. bonguc，因此不能从一个到另一个物种区分，除非以前的名称完全写成C. bond（L.）Roxb。订正。 Dandy et exell和后者是C. bond roxb。，non L ..这将是迫使许多植物化学家使用上述凯撒皮亚物种的不当名称的原因。 It was also found that the identification of Shirotsubu and its allied Caesalpinia species should not be carried out from specimens without either flowers or fruits.3.Anti-microbial activity of plant samplesAll samples of the plant extract library that counts 2000 samples in total including those collected at Iriomote Island were subjected to anti-microbial assessment against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli,酿酒酵母和尼日尔曲霉。结果表明，124、4、28和24个样本分别暴露了针对这些微生物的重要活动。4。溶解和结构阐明了替龙obassia（Styracaceae）的抗膜原理原理（Styracaceae）和凸轮植物OK1588 OK1588提供了抗抗菌Fungus的新结构的新结构。它们的结构在光谱的基础上阐明为灰烯烷型酰基皂苷。5.Solationand Tromentation阐明具有物理意义的新构建体对针对抗微生物种子化学物质的植物的化学研究，还对物理研究进行了物理研究，对植物进行了较少的化学信息的植物。具有物理意义的新型构建体是从Styrax obassia的树皮中获得的，凯撒皮氏菌Crista和Coriaria japonica的果实获得了，它们的结构是通过光谱阐明的。较少的