Bioprospecting targeted for domestic higher plant resource in search of anti-microbial chemical leads

针对国内高等植物资源进行生物勘探，寻找抗菌化学先导化合物

基本信息

批准号：
15590022
负责人：
KINOSHITA Takeshi
金额：
$ 1.98万
依托单位：
Teikyo University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1.Collection of plant samples at Iriomote IslandMore than 200 specie of plant samples were collected in the field survey at Iriomote Island, Okinawa Prefecture. Those collected in the field were separated into parts for convenience in case of extraction as much as possible, and herbarium specimens of each plant species were also prepared. These works were undertaken at Iriomote Station, Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus.2.Identification of plant specimensDue to insufficient data available on plants of subtropical origin in domestic herbariums, some plant specimens were identified at Philippine National Herbarium, Manila, Philippines, in collaboration with Dr.Domingo M.Madulid. This overseas research revealed that the one previously identified as Adenophora affine was found to be Ecdysanthera utilis, a rare species in the flora of Japan. During the course of writing a scientific paper on chemical constituents of Caesalpinia crista L. (Nantenkazura), a search … More of literatures led to the finding of a paper that regarded C. crista L. as a synonym of Shirotsubu, a plant belonging to the same Caesalpinia species. Therefore, the author inspected specimens of Caesalpinia plants preserved at Philippine National Herbarium, and investigated their synonym-homonym relations. It was apparent from the results of this investigation carried out overseas that a name of C. crista L. given to Shirotsubu was mostly derived from erroneous identification of plant samples and to a lesser extent from homonym. The confused use of scientific names was also found in other Caesalpinia species, in particular, Shirotsubu and Hasunomikazura. Both species are often called C. bonduc in shortened forms, and thus cannot be distinguished from one to another unless the former name is written in full as C. bonduc (L.) Roxb. emend. Dandy et Exell and the latter as C. bonduc Roxb., non L.. This would be the reason that forces many of phytochemists to use improper names of Caesalpinia species mentioned above. It was also found that the identification of Shirotsubu and its allied Caesalpinia species should not be carried out from specimens without either flowers or fruits.3.Anti-microbial activity of plant samplesAll samples of the plant extract library that counts 2000 samples in total including those collected at Iriomote Island were subjected to anti-microbial assay against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillus niger. The results were that 124, 4, 28 and 24 samples exhibited significant activities against those microorganisms, respectively.4.Isolation and structure elucidation of anti-fungus principlesPricarps of Styrax obassia (Styracaceae) and Barks of Camelliaceous plant OK1588 furnished new constituents as potent anti-fungus principles by repeated chromatographic separations. Their structures were elucidated as oleanane-type acyl saponins on the spectroscopic basis.5.Isolation and structure elucidation of new constituents of phytochemical significanceBesides chemical research on plants directed toward isolation of anti-microbial seed chemicals, phytochemical research was also undertaken on plants for which lesser chemical information was available. Novel types of constituents of phytochemical significance were obtained from barks of Styrax obassia, leaves of Caesalpinia crista and fruits of Coriaria japonica, and their structures were elucidated spectroscopically. Less

1。在Iriomote的Iriomore收集了超过200种植物样本还准备了每种植物物种。一个被鉴定为腺植物的亲子是ecdysanthera utilis，这是日本菌群中的一种稀有物种。 Crista L.作为Shirotsubu的同义词，属于同一凯撒皮亚物种，作者检查了菲律宾国家植物的凯撒植物的标本，并研究了他们的同义词。在海外进行的调查表明，给出的shirotsubu的名字大多来自植物的错误识别，尤其是其他凯撒皮人。书面的书面为C. bonguc（L.）Roxb。不带eithout eithout eithout eithots的标本。3。植物图书馆的植物样品的抗菌素活性，这些样品计算了2000个样品，包括在iriomote Island中收集的样品 - 对葡萄球菌的微生物分析。结果是，124、4、28和24个样品对那些微生物的样本表现出显着的意义。在光谱的基础上，型酰基皂苷。5。 Coriaria Japonica及其结构的Crista和果实少了