Development of objective criteria of pain in animals.

制定动物疼痛的客观标准。

• 批准号: 15580286
• 负责人: NISHIMURA Ryohei
• 金额: $ 2.37万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2003 至 2005
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15580286/
• 关键词: cortisol; ACTH; pain; nociception; opioid; NSAIDs; blood pressure; heart rate; 麻薬; フェンタニル; ケタミン; リドカイン; 全静脈麻酔; 疼痛; 非ステロイド性抗炎症薬; オピオイド; カルプロフェン; VAS; 犬; 手術侵襲

First, the relationship between noxious stimulus and neurohormonal responses was evaluated in dogs. The changes in heart rate, blood pressure and plasma ACTH and cortisol levels were recorded during major surgeries. Heart rate and blood pressure did not change significantly during or after major surgical manipulation except for skin incision in many dogs. On the contrary, the plasma ACTH and cortisol levels changed in accordance to the degree of potency of surgical manipulation in most dogs. Cortisol was thought to be more valuable than ACTH because of its less individual differences and easy measurement protocol. In addition, the increase in plasma cortisol level induced by surgical manipulation was significantly suppressed by use of potent analgesics such as morphine or fentanyl.Second, antinociceptive effect of a non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) was compared with that of opioids by use of cortisol levels during and after surgery. Preemptive administration of NSAID suppressed the increase in plasma cortisol level caused by surgical manipulation and maintained it at similar level to that in dogs given opioids during and after operation. In addition, the changes in post-operative pain score determined by visual analog scale (VAS) were well correlated with the changes in plasma cortisol levels in both groups.Finally, the effect of high dose of opioid with or without adjunctive drugs on neurohormonal response caused by noxious stimulus was evaluated by use of cortisol level. High dose of fentanyl with ketamine and lidocaine exerted almost complete antinociceptive effects during surgery.In conclusion, plasma cortisol level is a valuable and objective criteria of pain in dogs.

首先，在狗中评估了有害刺激与神经激素反应之间的关系。在主要手术期间，记录了心率，血压和血浆ACTH和皮质醇水平的变化。除了许多狗的皮肤切口外，在重大手术操纵期间或之后，心率和血压没有明显变化。相反，根据大多数狗的手术操纵程度，血浆ACTH和皮质醇水平发生了变化。由于皮质醇的个体差异和易于测量方案，因此认为皮质醇比ACTH更有价值。此外，通过使用有效的镇痛药（例如吗啡或芬太尼），通过使用抗炎性药物（NSAID）的抗伤害感受效应（NSAID），通过使用术后和后期术后的皮质醇水平将非类固醇抗炎药（NSAID）的抗伤害感受效应显着抑制血浆皮质醇水平的增加。先发制化的NSAID抑制了由手术操纵引起的血浆皮质醇水平的增加，并将其保持与在手术过程中和后后给予阿片类药物的狗相似的水平。此外，通过视觉模拟量表（VAS）确定的术后疼痛评分的变化与两组中血浆皮质醇水平的变化良好相关。在本文中，通过使用皮质醇水平，通过使用辅助药物对高剂量的阿片类药物对具有辅助性药物的高剂量高剂量对神经激素反应的影响。用氯胺酮和利多卡因高剂量的芬太尼在手术过程中几乎具有完全的抗伤害感受作用。总而言之，血浆皮质醇水平是狗疼痛的有价值和客观的标准。