Study on the behavior of atmospheric radon for clarifying the dispersion of atmospheric pollutants from East Asia region to northwest Pacific Ocean

大气氡行为研究阐明东亚地区至西北太平洋大气污染物扩散

• 批准号: 13480165
• 负责人: IIDA Takao
• 金额: $ 4.74万
• 依托单位: Nagoya University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13480165/
• 关键词: radon; atmospheric radon; atmospheric pollutants; long-range transport; East Asia region; tracer; simulation; back traiectory analysis; エアロゾル; 気象解析

The study on the diffusion of atmospheric pollutants from East Asia region to northwest Pacific Ocean and the dispersion over a wide area associated with nuclear accident is an important and urgent environmental problem in East Asia. Radon is a good tracer for atmospheric pollutants. A network of atmospheric radon monitoring stations was constructed at Beijing in China, at Seoul and Tonghae in Korea, at Oki and Hekura islands on the Sea of Japan at Matsue, Kanazawa and Nagoya in Japan and at Hateruma, Hachijojima and Ogasawara islands on the Pacific. The atmospheric radon concentration decreases gradually from China to Japan and on the Pacific. The radon concentrations at Nagoya and Beijing showed clear diurnal variations. On the other hand, the radon concentrations at solitary islands on the sea did not show diurnal variations. The atmospheric radon concentrations at Hachijojima island agreed well with the trend and peak of time variations of the concentrations of elemental carbon and ozone. The long-range atmospheric transport model was developed and evaluated by using atmospheric radon concentrations observed in East Asia region. The developed model consists of a meteorological model (MM5) and an atmospheric transport model. The MM5 could predict the three-dimensional distributions of turbulent diffusivity, winds and precipitation fields. The simulated time variations of atmospheric radon concentration agreed well with the observed variations.

东亚地区大气污染物向西北太平洋扩散以及与核事故相关的大范围扩散研究是东亚地区重要而紧迫的环境问题。氡是大气污染物的良好示踪剂。在中国北京、韩国首尔和东海、日本海隐岐和黑仓群岛、日本松江、金泽和名古屋以及太平洋波照间、八丈岛和小笠原群岛建立了大气氡监测站网络。从中国到日本和太平洋，大气氡浓度逐渐降低。名古屋和北京的氡气浓度呈现明显的日变化。另一方面，海上孤岛的氡浓度没有表现出日变化。八丈岛大气氡浓度与碳元素和臭氧浓度随时间变化的趋势和峰值非常吻合。利用东亚地区观测到的大气氡浓度开发和评估了远程大气传输模型。开发的模型由气象模型（MM5）和大气传输模型组成。 MM5可以预测湍流扩散率、风场和降水场的三维分布。大气氡浓度的模拟时间变化与观测到的变化非常吻合。

项目成果

吉岡勝廣: "ラドン高度分布の時間変化からみた大気の拡散混合過程"エアロゾル研究. 17(4). 267-275 (2002)

Katsuhiro Yoshioka：“从氡气高度分布的时间变化来看大气扩散和混合过程”气溶胶研究17（4）267-275（2002）。

J.Koarashi, H.Amano, M.Andoh, T.Iida, J.Morizumi: "Estimation of ^<14>CO_2 flux at soil-atmosphere interface and distribution of 14C in forest ecosystem"Journal of Environmental Radioactivity. 60. 249-261 (2002)

J.Koarashi、H.Amano、M.Andoh、T.Iida、J.Morizumi：“土壤-大气界面^<14>CO_2通量的估计和森林生态系统中14C的分布”环境放射性杂志。

K.Matsumoto, M.Uematsu, T.Hayano, K.Yoshioka, H.Tanimoto, T.Iida: "Simultaneous Measurements of Particulate Elemental Carbon on the Ground Observation Network over the Western North Pacific during the ACE-Asia Campaign."Journal of Geophysical Research. 10

K.Matsumoto、M.Uematsu、T.Hayano、K.Yoshioka、H.Tanimoto、T.Iida：“ACE-Asia 战役期间西北太平洋地面观测网络上颗粒元素碳的同步测量。”期刊

K.SUN, Q.GUO, W.ZHUO: "Feasibility for Mapping Radon Exhalation from Soil in China."J.Nucl.Sci.Technol.. 41(1). 86-90 (2004)

K.SUN，Q.GUO，W.ZHUO：“绘制中国土壤氡析出图的可行性”。核科学技术杂志，41(1)。

S.Yamamoto, K.Tarutani, T.iida et al.: "Dvelopment of a Continuous Radon Concentration Monitoring System in Underground soil"IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.. 48・3. 391-394 (2001)

S. Yamamoto、K. Tarutani、T. iida 等：“地下土壤中氡气浓度连续监测系统的开发” IEEE Trans. 391-394 (2001)。