Utilization system of greenhouse gases generated in composting process of agricultural

农业堆肥过程中产生的温室气体利用系统

基本信息

批准号：
12556058
负责人：
TOJO Seishu
金额：
$ 8.45万
依托单位：
Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The following results were obtained by this research.(1) The experimental system which recovers the ammonia and converts the ammonia into the nutrient with the soil and microorganism filter was manufactured experimentally in order to utilize the compost gas in the biological production. The system works well, however, the trace gas such as sulfur compound could not removed by the biofilter and was the barrier to growth. The carbon dioxide in the compost gas could be utilized for crop cultivation after the removing process of the trace gas through the honeycomb type catalytic filter.(2) The trace gas generated in the composting process of the garbage was examined comparing with the moist control material of the soil and the sawdust. The ability of soil to suppress the generation of methyl mercaptan was higher than the sawdust, but the methyl sulfide was controlled with the sawdust effectively.(3) A small-scale plant culture system using the compost gas which can be used in the home or s … More chool education was tested. The compost gas was trapped in the water and it was supplied to the soil of the plant growth media. The possibility in which gas supply is effective on the growth was shown by the experiment of komatsuna cultivation.(4) Shortening method of the soil respiration rate measurement using the gaschromatograph and the little soil sample was examined in order to distinguish the reaction of the biota in the soil deodorizer. Quantity reduction of soil sampling and shortening in culture time were also possible if the ratio between soil quantity and volume of the culture bottle was adjusted because the soil respiration rate measured with this experiment had high correlation with value of the NaOH method.(5) The change of nematode phase and microarthropod phase in the soil deodorizer was measured to examine the soil biomass variation in the deodorization process. Large arthropods such as ant and beetle were decreased, and Nematoda were increased with the progress of day. In the closed system of the soil deodorizer, species regarded as a top of trophic level seemed to be prickle acarine and trombiculid mite. Less

本研究取得了以下成果:(1)试制了利用土壤和微生物过滤器回收氨并将氨转化为养分的实验系统,将堆肥气用于生物生产。然而，微量气体如硫化合物不能被生物过滤器去除，并且是生长的障碍。通过蜂窝式去除微量气体后，堆肥气体中的二氧化碳可以用于农作物种植。 (2)用土壤和锯末控湿材料考察了垃圾堆肥过程中产生的微量气体,土壤抑制甲硫醇生成的能力高于锯末。锯末有效控制了二甲硫醚的含量。(3)对可用于家庭或学校教育的小型堆肥气体植物培养系统进行了测试。通过小松栽培实验证明了向植物生长介质的土壤供给气体对生长有效的可能性。(4)采用气相色谱仪和少量土壤样品测定土壤呼吸速率的缩短方法。为了区分土壤除臭剂中生物群的反应而进行检查。如果调整土壤量与培养瓶体积之间的比例，则也可以减少土壤采样量并缩短培养时间，因为用此方法测量土壤呼吸速率。实验(5)通过测定土壤除臭剂中线虫相和微型节肢动物相的变化,考察除臭过程中土壤生物量的变化,蚂蚁、甲虫等大型节肢动物减少,线虫类减少。随着时间的推移，在土壤除臭剂的封闭系统中，被视为营养级顶部的物种似乎是刺螨和。螨类较少。