Characterization of Constituents of Soluble Microbial Products in Wastewatar Treatment Processes

废水处理过程中可溶性微生物产物成分的表征

• 批准号: 11558078
• 负责人: ARAKI Nobuo
• 金额: $ 2.75万
• 依托单位: Nagaoka National College of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11558078/
• 关键词: Biofilter; Odor control; Composting; Odorous compounds; Ammonia oxidizing bacteria

A biofilter that installs in the inside of composting reactor was investigated for controlling odorous substances, such as ammonia and amine compounds. Ammonia oxidizing bacteria and sulfur oxidizing bacteria grew in the biofilter was enumerated by applying new tools of molecular biotechnology. In model composting reactor experiment, the biofiter achieved to 0.9 mg-N/cm^3/d in ammonia oxidation activities, while ammonia oxidizer and nitrite oxidizer contained 10^9 cells/mL-biofilter, respectively. 16S rDNA cloning analysis revealed that dominant ammonia oxidizer in the biofilter was Nitrosomonas oligotropha. However the biofilter installed in composting reactor fed with garbages from a dining room had low ammonia oxidation activities. At that time Nitrifiers kept their cell number less than 10^7 cells/mL. High temperature in biofilter inhibited the growth of odorous compound degrading bacteria. PCR-DGGE methods suggested thai Halothiobacillus and Thiomonas play a key role in the oxidation of sulfur compounds released from the composts.

研究了安装在堆肥反应器内部的生物过滤器用于控制氨和胺化合物等气味物质。应用分子生物技术新工具对生物过滤器中生长的氨氧化细菌和硫氧化细菌进行了计数。在模型堆肥反应器实验中，生物过滤器的氨氧化活性达到0.9 mg-N/cm^3/d，而氨氧化器和亚硝酸盐氧化器分别含有10^9个细胞/mL生物过滤器。 16S rDNA克隆分析表明生物过滤器中的主要氨氧化剂是寡养亚硝化单胞菌。然而，安装在以餐厅垃圾为原料的堆肥反应器中的生物过滤器的氨氧化活性较低。当时硝化菌的细胞数量保持在 10^7 个细胞/mL 以下。生物过滤器内的高温抑制了恶臭化合物降解细菌的生长。 PCR-DGGE 方法表明，卤硫杆菌和硫单胞菌在堆肥释放的硫化合物的氧化中发挥着关键作用。