Regional Decentralization and Regionalism in Europe and their Social and Cultural influences

欧洲的区域分权和区域主义及其社会和文化影响

基本信息

批准号：
15402037
负责人：
MIYAJIMA Takashi
金额：
$ 7.1万
依托单位：
Rikkyo University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

European regions have changed considerably under the integration of Europe. The transformations brought about by the decentralization differ according to the countries : 1)federalization, 2)institutionalization of "regions", 3)development of "provinces", etc. In UK, the "devolution" was advanced by founding the assemblies in Scotland and Wales at the end of the last century. These regions in broad sense vary considerably in their competence and size. There are the regions characterized by historical tradition and proper culture. Other regions, however, lack such characteristic and are sometimes forced to create their "culture"(e.g.cases of newly formed regions in England). Our researches clarified those states and problems of regions in France, Germany, Spain and UK and confirmed that the regions in Europe should, in order to function effectively, have common characters to certain extent and also should be the place of development of proper cultures.However, the regions of Europe can not remain simple traditional and cultural entity, should also be adapted to the economic environments and realize a dynamic development. Thus, we investigated certain industrial development planning pursued in Franco-German frontier regions.Another fact worthy of notice is the apparition of the urban regional problems. In the urban communities where concentrates the population of immigrants and other minorities, have become serious the problems such as unemployment, school failure and social exclusion, so on. Our research also focused on those realities, especially in France and UK, and examined the possibilities of syncretic cultural creation by young generation of immigrants.

欧洲地区在欧洲一体化进程中发生了巨大变化。分权所带来的转变因国家而异：1）联邦化，2）“地区”制度化，3）“省”发展等。在英国，通过在苏格兰建立议会来推进“权力下放”和上世纪末的威尔士。从广义上讲，这些地区的能力和规模差异很大。有些地区具有历史传统和独特的文化。然而，其他地区缺乏这种特征，有时被迫创造自己的“文化”（例如英格兰新成立地区的例子）。我们的研究阐明了法国、德国、西班牙和英国等地区的现状和问题，并确认欧洲地区为了有效运作，应该具有一定程度的共同特征，也应该是适当文化的发展地。然而，欧洲各地区不能仍然是简单的传统文化实体，还应该适应经济环境并实现动态发展。为此，我们对法德边境地区的某些产业发展规划进行了调查。另一个值得注意的事实是城市区域问题的显现。在移民和其他少数民族人口集中的城市社区，失业、学业失败、社会排斥等问题日趋严重。我们的研究还关注这些现实，特别是在法国和英国，并探讨了年轻一代移民融合文化创造的可能性。